2009 AMC 12A 第 21 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

21.

p(x)=x3+ax2+bx+cp(x) = x^3 + ax^2 + bx + c,其中 aabbcc 是复数。假设 多项式 x12+ax8+bx4+cx^{12} + ax^8 + bx^4 + c 有多少个非实零点? p(2009+9002πi)=p(2009)=p(9002)=0. \begin{gathered} p(2009 + 9002\pi i) \\ = p(2009) \\ = p(9002) = 0. \end{gathered}

Let p(x)=x3+ax2+bx+c,p(x) = x^3 + ax^2 + bx + c, where a,a, b,b, and cc are complex numbers. Suppose that p(2009+9002πi)=p(2009)=p(9002)=0. \begin{gathered} p(2009 + 9002\pi i) \\ = p(2009) \\ = p(9002) = 0. \end{gathered} What is the number of nonreal zeros of x12+ax8+bx4+c?x^{12} + ax^8 + bx^4 + c?

44

66

88

1010

1212

答案:C
知识点:多项式复数单位根
难度评级:2170
解答:

因为 x12+ax8+bx4+c=p(x4)x^{12} + ax^8 + bx^4 + c = p(x^4), 一个值是零点当且仅当 x4x^4 等于 pp 的某个根,即 2009+9002πi2009 + 9002\pi i20092009, 或 90029002

方程 x4=2009+9002πix^4 = 2009 + 9002\pi i 有四个不同的非实根。x4=2009x^4 = 2009x4=9002x^4 = 9002 各有两个实根和两个非实根。

所以非实零点个数为 4+2+2=84 + 2 + 2 = 8

因此,正确答案是 C

Since x12+ax8+bx4+c=p(x4),x^{12} + ax^8 + bx^4 + c = p(x^4), a value is a zero exactly when x4x^4 equals one of the roots of p,p, namely 2009+9002πi,2009 + 9002\pi i, 2009,2009, or 9002.9002.

The equation x4=2009+9002πix^4 = 2009 + 9002\pi i has four distinct nonreal roots. Each of x4=2009x^4 = 2009 and x4=9002x^4 = 9002 has two real roots and two nonreal roots.

So the nonreal zeros number 4+2+2=8.4 + 2 + 2 = 8.

Thus, the correct answer is C.

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