1957 AMC 12 第 21 题

先试着解答 1957 AMC 12 第 21 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 1957 AMC 12 解答,或核对答案

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

21.

以定理“若一个三角形的两个角相等,则该三角形是等腰三角形”为出发点,并考察以下四个命题:

11。若一个三角形的两个角不相等,则该三角形不是等腰三角形。

22。等腰三角形的两个底角相等。

33。若一个三角形不是等腰三角形,则它的两个角不相等。

44。一个三角形为等腰三角形,是其两个角相等的必要条件。

下列哪组命题只包含与所给定理逻辑等价的命题?

Start with the theorem “If two angles of a triangle are equal, the triangle is isosceles,” and the following four statements:

1.1. If two angles of a triangle are not equal, the triangle is not isosceles.

2.2. The base angles of an isosceles triangle are equal.

3.3. If a triangle is not isosceles, then two of its angles are not equal.

4.4. A necessary condition that two angles of a triangle be equal is that the triangle be isosceles.

Which combination of statements contains only those which are logically equivalent to the given theorem?

11223344

1,1, 2,2, 3,3, 44

112233

1,1, 2,2, 33

223344

2,2, 3,3, 44

1122

1,1, 22

3344

3,3, 44

答案:E
知识点:逻辑推理
难度评级:1590
小提示:

将定理写成 PQP\Rightarrow Q,并把各命题与其否命题、逆命题或逆否命题比较

Write the theorem as PQP\Rightarrow Q and compare each statement with its inverse, converse, or contrapositive

大提示:

一个命题总与其逆否命题等价,但通常不与其逆命题或否命题等价

A statement is always equivalent to its contrapositive, but not generally to its converse or inverse

解答:

PP 表示两个角相等,QQ 表示三角形为等腰三角形。命题 33 是逆否命题 ¬Q¬P\neg Q\Rightarrow\neg P,所以它与 PQP\Rightarrow Q 等价。命题 44QQPP 的必要条件,这只是 PQP\Rightarrow Q 的另一种表述。命题 1122 分别是否命题和逆命题。

因此,只有命题 3344 等价,正确答案是 E

Let PP mean that two angles are equal and QQ that the triangle is isosceles. Statement 33 is the contrapositive ¬Q¬P,\neg Q\Rightarrow\neg P, so it is equivalent to PQ.P\Rightarrow Q. Statement 44 says that QQ is necessary for P,P, which is another wording of PQ.P\Rightarrow Q. Statements 11 and 22 are the inverse and converse.

Thus only statements 33 and 44 are equivalent, so the correct answer is E.

← 第 20 题#20
完整试卷

其他年份的第 21 题

1950 AMC 12 · 1951 AMC 12 · 1952 AMC 12 · 1953 AMC 12 · 1954 AMC 12 · 1955 AMC 12 · 1956 AMC 12 · 1958 AMC 12 · 1959 AMC 12 · 1960 AMC 12 · 1961 AMC 12 · 1962 AMC 12 · 1963 AMC 12 · 1964 AMC 12 · 1965 AMC 12 · 1966 AMC 12 · 1967 AMC 12 · 1968 AMC 12 · 1969 AMC 12 · 1970 AMC 12 · 1971 AMC 12 · 1972 AMC 12 · 1973 AMC 12 · 1974 AMC 12 · 1975 AMC 12 · 1976 AMC 12 · 1977 AMC 12 · 1978 AMC 12 · 1979 AMC 12 · 1980 AMC 12 · 1981 AMC 12 · 1982 AMC 12 · 1983 AMC 12 · 1984 AMC 12 · 1985 AMC 12 · 1986 AMC 12 · 1987 AMC 12 · 1988 AMC 12 · 1989 AMC 12 · 1990 AMC 12 · 1991 AMC 12 · 1992 AMC 12 · 1993 AMC 12 · 1994 AMC 12 · 1995 AMC 12 · 1996 AMC 12 · 1997 AMC 12 · 1998 AMC 12 · 1999 AMC 12 · 2000 AMC 12 · 2001 AMC 12 · 2002 AMC 12A · 2002 AMC 12B · 2003 AMC 12A · 2003 AMC 12B · 2004 AMC 12A · 2004 AMC 12B · 2005 AMC 12A · 2005 AMC 12B · 2006 AMC 12A · 2006 AMC 12B · 2007 AMC 12A · 2007 AMC 12B · 2008 AMC 12A · 2008 AMC 12B · 2009 AMC 12A · 2009 AMC 12B · 2010 AMC 12A · 2010 AMC 12B · 2011 AMC 12A · 2011 AMC 12B · 2012 AMC 12A · 2012 AMC 12B · 2013 AMC 12A · 2013 AMC 12B · 2014 AMC 12A · 2014 AMC 12B · 2015 AMC 12A · 2015 AMC 12B · 2016 AMC 12A · 2016 AMC 12B · 2017 AMC 12A · 2017 AMC 12B · 2018 AMC 12A · 2018 AMC 12B · 2019 AMC 12A · 2019 AMC 12B · 2020 AMC 12A · 2020 AMC 12B · 2021 AMC 12A Spring · 2021 AMC 12B Spring · 2021 AMC 12A Fall · 2021 AMC 12B Fall · 2022 AMC 12A · 2022 AMC 12B · 2023 AMC 12A · 2023 AMC 12B · 2024 AMC 12A · 2024 AMC 12B · 2025 AMC 12A · 2025 AMC 12B