2011 AMC 12A 第 21 题

先试着解答 2011 AMC 12A 第 21 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2011 AMC 12A 解答,或核对答案

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

21.

f1(x)=1xf_1(x) = \sqrt{1 - x};对整数 n2n \ge 2,令 fn(x)=fn1 ⁣(n2x)f_n(x) = f_{n-1}\!\left(\sqrt{n^2 - x}\right)。若 NN 是使 fnf_n 的定义域非空的最大 nn 值,且 fNf_N 的定义域为 {c}\{c\},求 N+cN + c

Let f1(x)=1x,f_1(x) = \sqrt{1 - x}, and for integers n2,n \ge 2, let fn(x)=fn1 ⁣(n2x).f_n(x) = f_{n-1}\!\left(\sqrt{n^2 - x}\right). If NN is the largest value of nn for which the domain of fnf_n is nonempty, the domain of fNf_N is {c}.\{c\}. What is N+c?N + c?

226-226

144-144

20-20

2020

144144

答案:A
知识点:函数根式递推
难度评级:2270
解答:

每一步都要求 n2x\sqrt{n^2 - x} 落在 fn1f_{n-1} 的定义域中。追踪定义域:

f1:(,1]f_1: (-\infty, 1]f2:4x(,1][3,4]f_2: \sqrt{4 - x} \in (-\infty, 1] \Rightarrow [3, 4]f3:9x[3,4][7,0]f_3: \sqrt{9 - x} \in [3, 4] \Rightarrow [-7, 0]f4:16x[7,0]{16}f_4: \sqrt{16 - x} \in [-7, 0] \Rightarrow \{16\}(只有值 00 可能)。 f5:25x=16{231}f_5: \sqrt{25 - x} = 16 \Rightarrow \{-231\}

f6f_6,我们需要 36x=231\sqrt{36 - x} = -231, 这是不可能的,所以定义域为空。因此 N=5N = 5c=231c = -231, 且 N+c=226N + c = -226

因此,正确答案是 A

Each step requires n2x\sqrt{n^2 - x} to lie in the domain of fn1.f_{n-1}. Tracking the domains:

f1:(,1].f_1: (-\infty, 1]. f2:4x(,1][3,4].f_2: \sqrt{4 - x} \in (-\infty, 1] \Rightarrow [3, 4]. f3:9x[3,4][7,0].f_3: \sqrt{9 - x} \in [3, 4] \Rightarrow [-7, 0]. f4:16x[7,0]{16}f_4: \sqrt{16 - x} \in [-7, 0] \Rightarrow \{16\} (only the value 00 is possible). f5:25x=16{231}.f_5: \sqrt{25 - x} = 16 \Rightarrow \{-231\}.

For f6f_6 we would need 36x=231,\sqrt{36 - x} = -231, impossible, so the domain is empty. Hence N=5,N = 5, c=231,c = -231, and N+c=226.N + c = -226.

Thus, the correct answer is A.

← 第 20 题#20
完整试卷

其他年份的第 21 题