2009 AMC 12A 第 17 题

先试着解答 2009 AMC 12A 第 17 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2009 AMC 12A 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

17.

a+ar1+ar12+ar13+⋯a + ar_1 + ar_1^2 + ar_1^3 + \cdots 和 a+ar2+ar22+ar23+⋯a + ar_2 + ar_2^2 + ar_2^3 + \cdots 是两个不同的、项都为正的无穷等比级数,且首项相同。第一个级数的和是 r1r_1,第二个级数的和是 r2r_2。求 r1+r2r_1 + r_2?
Let a+ar1+ar12+ar13+⋯a + ar_1 + ar_1^2 + ar_1^3 + \cdots and a+ar2+ar22+ar23+⋯a + ar_2 + ar_2^2 + ar_2^3 + \cdots be two different infinite geometric series of positive numbers with the same first term. The sum of the first series is r1,r_1, and the sum of the second series is r2.r_2. What is r1+r2?r_1 + r_2?
00
12\dfrac{1}{2}
11
1+52\dfrac{1 + \sqrt{5}}{2}
22
答案:C
知识点:等比数列韦达定理
小提示:
首项为 aa、公比为 rr 的无穷等比级数的和是 a1−r\dfrac{a}{1 - r}。
The sum of an infinite geometric series with first term aa and ratio rr is a1−r\dfrac{a}{1 - r}
大提示:
每个公比都满足 a1−r=r\dfrac{a}{1 - r} = r,即 r2−r+a=0r^2 - r + a = 0;对两个根使用韦达定理。
Each ratio satisfies a1−r=r,\dfrac{a}{1 - r} = r, that is r2−r+a=0;r^2 - r + a = 0; use Vieta on the two roots
解答:
对首项为 aa、公比为 rr 的级数,其和为 a1−r=r\dfrac{a}{1 - r} = r,所以 r2−r+a=0r^2 - r + a = 0。
r1r_1 和 r2r_2 都满足同一个二次方程,并且因为两个级数不同,r1≠r2r_1 \ne r_2,所以它们是该方程的两个不同根。由韦达定理,r1+r2=1r_1 + r_2 = 1。
因此,正确答案是 C。
For a series with first term aa and ratio r,r, the sum is a1−r=r,\dfrac{a}{1 - r} = r, so r2−r+a=0.r^2 - r + a = 0.
Both r1r_1 and r2r_2 satisfy this same quadratic, and since the two series are different, r1≠r2,r_1 \ne r_2, so they are its two distinct roots. By Vieta’s formulas, r1+r2=1.r_1 + r_2 = 1.
Thus, the correct answer is C.
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