2009 AMC 12A 第 17 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

17.

a+ar1+ar12+ar13+a + ar_1 + ar_1^2 + ar_1^3 + \cdotsa+ar2+ar22+ar23+a + ar_2 + ar_2^2 + ar_2^3 + \cdots 是两个不同的、项都为正的无穷等比级数,且首项相同。第一个级数的和是 r1r_1, 第二个级数的和是 r2r_2。 求 r1+r2r_1 + r_2

Let a+ar1+ar12+ar13+a + ar_1 + ar_1^2 + ar_1^3 + \cdots and a+ar2+ar22+ar23+a + ar_2 + ar_2^2 + ar_2^3 + \cdots be two different infinite geometric series of positive numbers with the same first term. The sum of the first series is r1,r_1, and the sum of the second series is r2.r_2. What is r1+r2?r_1 + r_2?

00

12\dfrac{1}{2}

11

1+52\dfrac{1 + \sqrt{5}}{2}

22

答案:C
知识点:等比数列韦达定理
难度评级:2040
解答:

对首项为 aa、公比为 rr 的级数,其和为 a1r=r\dfrac{a}{1 - r} = r, 所以 r2r+a=0r^2 - r + a = 0

r1r_1r2r_2 都满足同一个二次方程,并且因为两个级数不同,r1r2r_1 \ne r_2, 所以它们是该方程的两个不同根。由韦达定理, r1+r2=1r_1 + r_2 = 1

因此,正确答案是 C

For a series with first term aa and ratio r,r, the sum is a1r=r,\dfrac{a}{1 - r} = r, so r2r+a=0.r^2 - r + a = 0.

Both r1r_1 and r2r_2 satisfy this same quadratic, and since the two series are different, r1r2,r_1 \ne r_2, so they are its two distinct roots. By Vieta's formulas, r1+r2=1.r_1 + r_2 = 1.

Thus, the correct answer is C.

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