2016 AMC 12B 第 17 题

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17.

如图,在 ABC\triangle ABC 中,AB=7AB=7BC=8BC=8CA=9CA=9,且 AH\overline{AH} 是高。点 DDEE 分别在边 AC\overline{AC}AB\overline{AB} 上,使得 BD\overline{BD}CE\overline{CE} 是角平分线,并分别与 AH\overline{AH} 交于 QQPPPQPQ 是多少?

In ABC\triangle ABC shown in the figure, AB=7,AB=7, BC=8,BC=8, CA=9,CA=9, and AH\overline{AH} is an altitude. Points DD and EE lie on sides AC\overline{AC} and AB,\overline{AB}, respectively, so that BD\overline{BD} and CE\overline{CE} are angle bisectors, intersecting AH\overline{AH} at QQ and P,P, respectively. What is PQ?PQ?

11

583\dfrac58\sqrt3

452\dfrac45\sqrt2

8155\dfrac{8}{15}\sqrt5

65\dfrac65

答案:D
知识点:角平分线定理高线勾股定理
难度评级:1910
解答:

x=BHx=BH,则 CH=8xCH=8-x。由两个直角三角形可得 AH2=72x2=92(8x)2AH^2=7^2-x^2=9^2-(8-x)^2,所以 x=2x=2,且 AH=45AH=\sqrt{45}。在 ACH\triangle ACH 中,由角平分线定理,APPH=CACH=96\dfrac{AP}{PH}=\dfrac{CA}{CH}=\dfrac96,所以 AP=35AHAP=\dfrac35 AH。同理,在 ABH\triangle ABH 中,AQQH=BABH=72\dfrac{AQ}{QH}=\dfrac{BA}{BH}=\dfrac72,所以 AQ=79AHAQ=\dfrac79 AH。于是 PQ=AQAP=(7935)AH=84545=8155. \begin{aligned} PQ &= AQ-AP \\ &= \left(\dfrac79-\dfrac35\right)AH \\ &= \dfrac{8}{45}\sqrt{45} \\ &= \dfrac{8}{15}\sqrt5. \end{aligned}

所以正确答案是 D

Let x=BH.x=BH. Then CH=8x,CH=8-x, and from the two right triangles AH2=72x2=92(8x)2.AH^2=7^2-x^2=9^2-(8-x)^2. This gives x=2x=2 and AH=45.AH=\sqrt{45}. By the angle bisector theorem in ACH,\triangle ACH, APPH=CACH=96,\dfrac{AP}{PH}=\dfrac{CA}{CH}=\dfrac96, so AP=35AH.AP=\dfrac35 AH. Similarly in ABH,\triangle ABH, AQQH=BABH=72,\dfrac{AQ}{QH}=\dfrac{BA}{BH}=\dfrac72, so AQ=79AH.AQ=\dfrac79 AH. Then PQ=AQAP=(7935)AH=84545=8155. \begin{aligned} PQ &= AQ-AP \\ &= \left(\dfrac79-\dfrac35\right)AH \\ &= \dfrac{8}{45}\sqrt{45} \\ &= \dfrac{8}{15}\sqrt5. \end{aligned}

Thus, the correct answer is D.

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