2018 AMC 12B 第 20 题

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20.

ABCDEFABCDEF 是边长为 11 的正六边形。记 XXYYZZ 分别为边 ABABCDCDEFEF 的中点。内部区域为 ACE\triangle ACEXYZ\triangle XYZ 的内部交集的凸六边形面积是多少?

Let ABCDEFABCDEF be a regular hexagon with side length 1.1. Denote by X,X, Y,Y, and ZZ the midpoints of sides AB,AB, CD,CD, and EF,EF, respectively. What is the area of the convex hexagon whose interior is the intersection of the interiors of ACE\triangle ACE and XYZ?\triangle XYZ?

383\dfrac{3}{8}\sqrt{3}

7163\dfrac{7}{16}\sqrt{3}

15323\dfrac{15}{32}\sqrt{3}

123\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{3}

9163\dfrac{9}{16}\sqrt{3}

答案:C
知识点:正多边形面积比等边三角形
难度评级:2270
解答:

A=(1,0)A=(1,0)C=(12,32)C=(-\tfrac12,\tfrac{\sqrt3}{2}) 都是等边三角形,且 E=(12,32)E=(-\tfrac12,-\tfrac{\sqrt3}{2}) 面积为正六边形面积的一半。两个三角形相交形成的顶点,使阴影六边形可以和 X=(34,34)X=(\tfrac34,\tfrac{\sqrt3}{4}) 的中点三角形 Y=(34,34)Y=(-\tfrac34,\tfrac{\sqrt3}{4}) 作比较。 Z=(0,32)Z=(0,-\tfrac{\sqrt3}{2})

这个中点三角形的面积是 ACE\triangle ACE 面积的 XYZ\triangle XYZ,也就是正六边形面积的 15332\dfrac{15\sqrt3}{32}。阴影区域等于这个中点三角形的 倍,所以它是正六边形面积的 。 (12,0),(18,338),(14,34),(58,38),(14,34),(12,34). \begin{gathered} (-\tfrac12,0),\quad (-\tfrac18,-\tfrac{3\sqrt3}{8}),\\ (\tfrac14,-\tfrac{\sqrt3}{4}),\quad (\tfrac58,\tfrac{\sqrt3}{8}),\\ (\tfrac14,\tfrac{\sqrt3}{4}),\quad (-\tfrac12,\tfrac{\sqrt3}{4}). \end{gathered}

正六边形面积为 因此阴影面积为 所以正确答案是 C

Place the regular hexagon on the unit circle with A=(1,0),A=(1,0), C=(12,32),C=(-\tfrac12,\tfrac{\sqrt3}{2}), and E=(12,32).E=(-\tfrac12,-\tfrac{\sqrt3}{2}). The three specified midpoints are X=(34,34),X=(\tfrac34,\tfrac{\sqrt3}{4}), Y=(34,34),Y=(-\tfrac34,\tfrac{\sqrt3}{4}), and Z=(0,32).Z=(0,-\tfrac{\sqrt3}{2}).

Intersecting the side lines of ACE\triangle ACE and XYZ\triangle XYZ gives the six vertices of their common interior, in cyclic order: (12,0),(18,338),(14,34),(58,38),(14,34),(12,34). \begin{gathered} (-\tfrac12,0),\quad (-\tfrac18,-\tfrac{3\sqrt3}{8}),\\ (\tfrac14,-\tfrac{\sqrt3}{4}),\quad (\tfrac58,\tfrac{\sqrt3}{8}),\\ (\tfrac14,\tfrac{\sqrt3}{4}),\quad (-\tfrac12,\tfrac{\sqrt3}{4}). \end{gathered} The shoelace formula applied to these vertices gives area 15332.\dfrac{15\sqrt3}{32}.

Thus, the correct answer is C.

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