2003 AMC 12B 第 18 题

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18.

xxyy 为正整数,且 7x5=11y137x^5 = 11y^{13}xx 的最小可能值的素因数分解为 acbda^c b^d。 求 a+b+c+da + b + c + d

Let xx and yy be positive integers such that 7x5=11y13.7x^5 = 11y^{13}. The minimum possible value of xx has a prime factorization acbd.a^c b^d. What is a+b+c+d?a + b + c + d?

3030

3131

3232

3333

3434

答案:B
知识点:质因数分解模运算
难度评级:1710
解答:

要使 xx 最小,xxyy 都不应含有 771111 以外的素因数。写成 x=7c11dx = 7^c 11^d,则 7x5=75c+1115d7x^5 = 7^{5c+1} 11^{5d}。再写成 y=7m11ny = 7^m 11^n,需要 75c+1115d=713m1113n+17^{5c+1}11^{5d} = 7^{13m}11^{13n+1}

比较指数:5c+10(mod13)5c + 1 \equiv 0 \pmod{13} 给出最小 c=5c = 55d1(mod13)5d \equiv 1 \pmod{13} 给出最小 d=8d = 8。 所以 a=7a = 7b=11b = 11a+b+c+d=7+11+5+8=31. \begin{aligned} &a + b + c + d \\ &= 7 + 11 + 5 + 8 = 31. \end{aligned}

因此,正确答案是 B

For the minimum x,x, neither xx nor yy has prime factors other than 77 and 11.11. Write x=7c11d,x = 7^c 11^d, so 7x5=75c+1115d.7x^5 = 7^{5c+1} 11^{5d}. Writing y=7m11n,y = 7^m 11^n, we need 75c+1115d=713m1113n+1.7^{5c+1}11^{5d} = 7^{13m}11^{13n+1}.

Matching exponents: 5c+10(mod13)5c + 1 \equiv 0 \pmod{13} gives the least c=5,c = 5, and 5d1(mod13)5d \equiv 1 \pmod{13} gives the least d=8.d = 8. So a=7,a = 7, b=11,b = 11, and a+b+c+d=7+11+5+8=31. \begin{aligned} &a + b + c + d \\ &= 7 + 11 + 5 + 8 = 31. \end{aligned}

Thus, the correct answer is B.

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