2012 AMC 12B 第 20 题

先试着解答 2012 AMC 12B 第 20 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2012 AMC 12B 解答,或核对答案

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

20.

一个梯形的边长为 3355771111。所有可能面积之和可以写成 r1n1+r2n2+r3r_1\sqrt{n_1} + r_2\sqrt{n_2} + r_3,其中 r1r_1r2r_2r3r_3 是有理数,且 n1n_1n2n_2 是不被任何质数的平方整除的正整数。求不超过 的最大整数。 r1+r2+r3+n1+n2?r_1 + r_2 + r_3 + n_1 + n_2?

A trapezoid has side lengths 3,3, 5,5, 7,7, and 11.11. The sum of all the possible areas of the trapezoid can be written in the form of r1n1+r2n2+r3,r_1\sqrt{n_1} + r_2\sqrt{n_2} + r_3, where r1,r_1, r2,r_2, and r3r_3 are rational numbers and n1n_1 and n2n_2 are positive integers not divisible by the square of a prime. What is the greatest integer less than or equal to r1+r2+r3+n1+n2?r_1 + r_2 + r_3 + n_1 + n_2?

5757

5959

6161

6363

6565

答案:D
知识点:梯形海伦公式分类讨论
难度评级:2150
解答:

对于平行边为 a<ca\lt c、两腰为 b,db,d 的梯形,平移一条腰会形成边长为 bbdd, 和 cac-a 的三角形。三角形不等式迫使较长的平行边为 c=11c=11

a=3a=3,三角形边长为 5,7,85,7,8,面积为 10310\sqrt3,梯形面积为 3523\tfrac{35}{2}\sqrt3。若 a=5a=5,三角形边长为 3,6,73,6,7,面积为 454\sqrt5,梯形面积为 3235\tfrac{32}{3}\sqrt5。若 a=7a=7,三角形边长为 3,4,53,4,5,是直角三角形,梯形面积为 2727

总和为 3523+3235+27\tfrac{35}{2}\sqrt3+\tfrac{32}{3}\sqrt5+27, 所以 r1+r2+r3+n1+n2=352+323+27+3+5=63+16. \begin{gathered} r_1+r_2+r_3+n_1+n_2 \\ = \tfrac{35}{2}+\tfrac{32}{3}+27+3+5 \\ = 63+\tfrac16. \end{gathered}

小于或等于这个值的最大整数是 6363

因此正确答案是 D

For a trapezoid with parallel sides a<ca\lt c and legs b,d,b,d, translating a leg forms a triangle with sides b,b, d,d, and ca.c-a. The triangle inequality forces the longer parallel side to be c=11.c=11.

If a=3,a=3, the triangle has sides 5,7,85,7,8 with area 103,10\sqrt3, and the trapezoid has area 3523.\tfrac{35}{2}\sqrt3. If a=5,a=5, the triangle has sides 3,6,73,6,7 with area 45,4\sqrt5, giving trapezoid area 3235.\tfrac{32}{3}\sqrt5. If a=7,a=7, the triangle has sides 3,4,5,3,4,5, a right triangle, giving trapezoid area 27.27.

The total is 3523+3235+27,\tfrac{35}{2}\sqrt3+\tfrac{32}{3}\sqrt5+27, so r1+r2+r3+n1+n2=352+323+27+3+5=63+16. \begin{gathered} r_1+r_2+r_3+n_1+n_2 \\ = \tfrac{35}{2}+\tfrac{32}{3}+27+3+5 \\ = 63+\tfrac16. \end{gathered}

The greatest integer at most this value is 63.63.

Thus, the correct answer is D.

← 第 19 题#19
完整试卷

其他年份的第 20 题