2023 AMC 12A 第 23 题

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23.

有多少个正实数有序对 (a,b)(a,b) 满足方程 (1+2a)(2+2b)(2a+b)=32ab? \begin{gathered} (1+2a)(2+2b)(2a+b)\\ {}=32ab? \end{gathered}

How many ordered pairs of positive real numbers (a,b)(a,b) satisfy the equation (1+2a)(2+2b)(2a+b)=32ab? \begin{gathered} (1+2a)(2+2b)(2a+b)\\ {}=32ab? \end{gathered}

00

11

22

33

无穷多个

an infinite number

答案:B
知识点:算术-几何平均不等式
难度评级:2380
解答:

由 AM-GM,1+2a22a1+2a\ge 2\sqrt{2a}2+2b4b2+2b\ge 4\sqrt{b},且 2a+b22ab2a+b\ge 2\sqrt{2ab}。相乘得 (1+2a)(2+2b)(2a+b)162ab2ab=32ab. \begin{gathered} (1+2a)(2+2b)(2a+b)\\ {}\ge 16\sqrt{2a}\cdot\sqrt{b}\cdot\sqrt{2ab}\\ {}=32ab. \end{gathered}

等号要求 1=2a1=2a2=2b2=2b2a=b2a=b 同时成立。这给出 a=12a=\tfrac12b=1b=1,且三者相容,所以恰有一个解。

所以正确答案是 B

By AM-GM, 1+2a22a,1+2a\ge 2\sqrt{2a}, 2+2b4b,2+2b\ge 4\sqrt{b}, and 2a+b22ab.2a+b\ge 2\sqrt{2ab}. Multiplying, (1+2a)(2+2b)(2a+b)162ab2ab=32ab. \begin{gathered} (1+2a)(2+2b)(2a+b)\\ {}\ge 16\sqrt{2a}\cdot\sqrt{b}\cdot\sqrt{2ab}\\ {}=32ab. \end{gathered}

Equality requires 1=2a,1=2a, 2=2b,2=2b, and 2a=b2a=b simultaneously. These give a=12,a=\tfrac12, b=1,b=1, which are consistent, so there is exactly one solution.

Thus, the correct answer is B.

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