2020 AMC 12A 第 18 题

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18.

四边形 ABCDABCD 满足 ABC=ACD=90\angle ABC = \angle ACD = 90^\circAC=20AC = 20, 且 CD=30CD = 30。 对角线 ACACBDBD 交于点 EE, 且 AE=5AE = 5。 四边形 ABCDABCD 的面积是多少?

Quadrilateral ABCDABCD satisfies ABC=ACD=90,\angle ABC = \angle ACD = 90^\circ, AC=20,AC = 20, and CD=30.CD = 30. Diagonals ACAC and BDBD intersect at point E,E, and AE=5.AE = 5. What is the area of quadrilateral ABCD?ABCD?

330330

340340

350350

360360

370370

答案:D
知识点:坐标几何面积分割
难度评级:1800
解答:

A=(0,0)A = (0,0)C=(20,0)C = (20, 0)。因为 ACD=90\angle ACD = 90^\circ,所以 D=(20,30)D = (20, 30);又因 AE=5AE = 5,所以 E=(5,0)E = (5, 0)

因为 ABC=90\angle ABC = 90^\circ,点 BB 在以 (10,0)(10, 0) 为圆心、半径为 1010 的圆上。直线 DEDE 上的点可写为 (5+t,2t)(5 + t,\, 2t);代入圆方程得到 t22t15=0t^2 - 2t - 15 = 0,所以 t=5t = 5t=3t = -3

为使 EE 位于 BBDD 之间,取 t=3t = -3,得到 B=(2,6)B = (2, -6),它到直线 ACAC 的距离为 66

于是 [ACD]=122030=300[ACD] = \tfrac12 \cdot 20 \cdot 30 = 300,且 [ABC]=12206=60[ABC] = \tfrac12 \cdot 20 \cdot 6 = 60, 总面积为 360360

因此,正确答案是 D

Place A=(0,0)A = (0,0) and C=(20,0).C = (20, 0). Since ACD=90,\angle ACD = 90^\circ, D=(20,30),D = (20, 30), and E=(5,0)E = (5, 0) because AE=5.AE = 5.

Since ABC=90,\angle ABC = 90^\circ, BB lies on the circle of radius 1010 centered at (10,0).(10, 0). Line DEDE is (5+t,2t);(5 + t,\, 2t); substituting gives t22t15=0,t^2 - 2t - 15 = 0, so t=5t = 5 or t=3.t = -3.

For EE to lie between BB and D,D, take t=3,t = -3, giving B=(2,6),B = (2, -6), a distance 66 below line AC.AC.

Then [ACD]=122030=300[ACD] = \tfrac12 \cdot 20 \cdot 30 = 300 and [ABC]=12206=60,[ABC] = \tfrac12 \cdot 20 \cdot 6 = 60, so the total area is 360.360.

Thus, D is the correct answer.

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