2011 AMC 12B 第 23 题
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23.
一只虫子在坐标平面上移动,只沿着平行于 -轴或 -轴的直线行走。设 、。考虑所有从 到 、长度至多为 的可能路径。有多少个整数坐标点位于至少一条这样的路径上?
A bug travels in the coordinate plane, moving only along the lines that are parallel to the -axis or -axis. Let and Consider all possible paths of the bug from to of length at most How many points with integer coordinates lie on at least one of these paths?
答案:C
解答:
格点 位于某条路径上,当且仅当 该式在 或 时不变,所以先数 、 的点,再乘以 ,并校正坐标轴上的重复计数。
根据 与 是否成立分成四块,第一象限(含坐标轴)内共有 个点。由对称性,总数为 , , , , , ,
所以正确答案是 C。
A lattice point lies on some path exactly when This expression is unchanged when or so we count points with multiply by and correct for the axes.
If and all points work. If and then giving points. If and then giving points. Finally, for and the condition is giving points. Thus there are in the first quadrant, including on the nonnegative axes. By symmetry the total is
Thus, the correct answer is C.
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