2007 AMC 12B 第 18 题

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18.

aabbcc 是数字,且 a0a\ne0。三位整数 abc\overline{abc} 位于某个正整数平方与下一个更大正整数平方之间三分之一处。整数 acb\overline{acb} 位于同两个平方之间三分之二处。求 a+b+ca+b+c

Let a,a, b,b, and cc be digits with a0.a\ne0. The three-digit integer abc\overline{abc} lies one third of the way from the square of a positive integer to the square of the next larger integer. The integer acb\overline{acb} lies two thirds of the way between the same two squares. What is a+b+c?a+b+c?

1010

1313

1616

1818

2121

答案:C
知识点:完全平方数位值整除性
难度评级:1930
解答:

设较小平方数为 N2,N^2,较大平方数为 (N+1)2(N+1)^2,两者间隔为 2N+1.2N+1.abc=N2+2N+13, \overline{abc}=N^2+\dfrac{2N+1}{3}, acb=N2+2(2N+1)3. \overline{acb}=N^2+\dfrac{2(2N+1)}{3}.

两式相减,acbabc=9(cb)\overline{acb}-\overline{abc}=9(c-b) =2N+13,=\dfrac{2N+1}{3},所以 27(cb)=2N+1.27(c-b)=2N+1. 因为 acb\overline{acb} 在区间中位置更靠后,所以 cbc-b 为正;又因为右边是奇数,所以 cbc-b 是奇数。若 cb3,c-b\ge3,N40N\ge40,且 N2N^2 不再是三位数。

因此 cb=1,c-b=1,得到 N=13.N=13.132=16913^2=169142=19614^2=196 的三分之一与三分之二处分别为 178178187,187,所以 a+b+c=1+7+8=16.a+b+c=1+7+8=16.

所以正确答案是 C

Let the smaller square be N2,N^2, so the larger is (N+1)2(N+1)^2 and the gap is 2N+1.2N+1. Then abc=N2+2N+13, \overline{abc}=N^2+\dfrac{2N+1}{3}, acb=N2+2(2N+1)3. \overline{acb}=N^2+\dfrac{2(2N+1)}{3}.

Subtracting, acbabc=9(cb)\overline{acb}-\overline{abc}=9(c-b) =2N+13,=\dfrac{2N+1}{3}, so 27(cb)=2N+1.27(c-b)=2N+1. Since acb\overline{acb} is farther along the interval, cbc-b is positive; and because the right side is odd, cbc-b is odd. If cb3,c-b\ge3, then N40N\ge40 and N2N^2 is not three digits.

So cb=1,c-b=1, giving N=13.N=13. The points one third and two thirds of the way from 132=16913^2=169 to 142=19614^2=196 are 178178 and 187,187, so a+b+c=1+7+8=16.a+b+c=1+7+8=16.

Thus, the correct answer is C.

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