设 S 为所有满足 和 的实数有序三元组 (x,y,z) 的集合。存在实数 a 和 b,使得对 S 中所有 (x,y,z),都有 x3+y3=a⋅103z+b⋅102z。求 a+b。 log10(x+y)=zlog10(x2+y2)=z+1.
Let S be the set of ordered triples (x,y,z) of real numbers for which log10(x+y)=z and log10(x2+y2)=z+1. There are real numbers a and b such that for all ordered triples (x,y,z) in S we have x3+y3=a⋅103z+b⋅102z. What is the value of a+b?
The conditions give x+y=10z and x2+y2=10⋅10z. Then 2xy=(x+y)2−(x2+y2)=102z−10⋅10z, so xy=21(102z−10⋅10z).
Using x3+y3=(x+y)3−3xy(x+y),x3+y3=103z−23(102z−10⋅10z)10z=−21⋅103z+15⋅102z.
So a=−21 and b=15, giving a+b=229. These coefficients are determined: setting z=0 gives real solutions x,y=21±19, and their equation forces this same value of a+b.