2004 AMC 12A 第 18 题

先试着解答 2004 AMC 12A 第 18 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2004 AMC 12A 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

18.

正方形 ABCDABCD 的边长为 22。在正方形内部作以 AB‾\overline{AB} 为直径的半圆,从 CC 向该半圆作切线,切线与边 AD‾\overline{AD} 交于 EE。CE‾\overline{CE} 的长度是多少?
Square ABCDABCD has side length 2.2. A semicircle with diameter AB‾\overline{AB} is constructed inside the square, and the tangent to the semicircle from CC intersects side AD‾\overline{AD} at E.E. What is the length of CE‾?\overline{CE}?
2+52\dfrac{2 + \sqrt{5}}{2}
5\sqrt{5}
6\sqrt{6}
52\dfrac{5}{2}
5−55 - \sqrt{5}
答案:D
知识点:切线圆幂勾股定理
小提示:
从同一个外点向圆作的两条切线段相等。
Two tangent segments from a common external point to a circle are equal
大提示:
令 x=AEx = AE,由切线段得到 CE=2+xCE = 2 + x,再对 △CDE\triangle CDE 用勾股定理。
With x=AE,x = AE, the tangent lengths give CE=2+x,CE = 2 + x, then apply the Pythagorean theorem to △CDE\triangle CDE
解答:
设 FF 为 CECE 与半圆的切点。由于 CBCB 和 CFCF 都是从 CC 作出的切线,所以 CF=CB=2CF = CB = 2。同理,令 x=AEx = AE,从 EE 作出的切线给出 EF=EA=xEF = EA = x。
因此 CE=CF+FE=2+xCE = CF + FE = 2 + x。在直角三角形 CDECDE 中,CD=2CD = 2 且 DE=2−xDE = 2 - x,所以 (2−x)2+22=(2+x)2。 (2 - x)^2 + 2^2 = (2 + x)^2\text{。}
展开得 8x=48x = 4,所以 x=12x = \tfrac12,并且 CE=2+12=52CE = 2 + \tfrac12 = \tfrac52。
所以正确答案是 D。
Let FF be the point where CECE touches the semicircle. Since CBCB and CFCF are both tangents from C,C, we have CF=CB=2.CF = CB = 2. Similarly, with x=AE,x = AE, the tangents from EE give EF=EA=x.EF = EA = x.
Thus CE=CF+FE=2+x.CE = CF + FE = 2 + x. In right triangle CDE,CDE, where CD=2CD = 2 and DE=2−x,DE = 2 - x, (2−x)2+22=(2+x)2. (2 - x)^2 + 2^2 = (2 + x)^2.
Expanding gives 8x=4,8x = 4, so x=12x = \tfrac12 and CE=2+12=52.CE = 2 + \tfrac12 = \tfrac52.
Thus, the correct answer is D.
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