2022 AMC 12A 第 16 题

先试着解答 2022 AMC 12A 第 16 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2022 AMC 12A 解答,或核对答案。

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16.

三角数是可以写成 tn=1+2+3+⋯+nt_n=1+2+3+\cdots+n 形式的正整数,其中 nn 为正整数。最小的三个同时也是完全平方数的三角数为 t1=1=12t_1=1=1^2、t8=36=62t_8=36=6^2 和 t49=1225=352t_{49}=1225=35^2。第四小的同时也是完全平方数的三角数的各位数字之和是多少?
A triangular number is a positive integer that can be expressed in the form tn=1+2+3+⋯+n,t_n=1+2+3+\cdots+n, for some positive integer n.n. The three smallest triangular numbers that are also perfect squares are t1=1=12,t_1=1=1^2, t8=36=62,t_8=36=6^2, and t49=1225=352.t_{49}=1225=35^2. What is the sum of the digits of the fourth smallest triangular number that is also a perfect square?
66
99
1212
1818
2727
答案:D
知识点:三角形数完全平方数递推
小提示:
把 n(n+1)2=y2\frac{n(n+1)}{2}=y^2 改写为佩尔方程 (2n+1)2−8y2=1(2n+1)^2-8y^2=1
Rewrite n(n+1)2=y2\frac{n(n+1)}{2}=y^2 as the Pell equation (2n+1)2−8y2=1(2n+1)^2-8y^2=1
大提示:
将 (2n+1)+y8(2n+1)+y\sqrt8 乘以 3+83+\sqrt8,依次生成正整数解
Generate successive positive solutions by multiplying (2n+1)+y8(2n+1)+y\sqrt8 by 3+83+\sqrt8
解答:
若 tn=y2t_n=y^2,则 n(n+1)2=y2\frac{n(n+1)}{2}=y^2,即 (2n+1)2−8y2=1(2n+1)^2-8y^2=1。正的佩尔方程解可依次通过将 (2n+1)+y8(2n+1)+y\sqrt8 乘以 3+83+\sqrt8 得到。
从 (2n+1,y)=(3,1)(2n+1,y)=(3,1) 开始,依次得到 (17,6)(17,6),(99,35)(99,35),然后是 (577,204)(577,204)。因此第四个值对应 n=288n=288,并且等于 2042=41616204^2=41616。
它的数位和为 4+1+6+1+6=184+1+6+1+6=18。
因此,正确答案是 D。
If tn=y2,t_n=y^2, then n(n+1)2=y2,\frac{n(n+1)}{2}=y^2, or (2n+1)2−8y2=1.(2n+1)^2-8y^2=1. The positive Pell solutions occur successively by multiplying (2n+1)+y8(2n+1)+y\sqrt8 by 3+8.3+\sqrt8.
Starting from (2n+1,y)=(3,1),(2n+1,y)=(3,1), this gives (17,6),(17,6), (99,35),(99,35), and then (577,204).(577,204). Thus the fourth value has n=288n=288 and equals 2042=41616.204^2=41616.
The sum of its digits is 4+1+6+1+6=18.4+1+6+1+6=18.
Thus, the correct answer is D.
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