2016 AMC 12B 第 23 题

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23.

三维空间中,由不等式 x+y+z1|x|+|y|+|z|\le1x+y+z11|x|+|y|+|z-1|\le1 所定义的区域体积是多少?

What is the volume of the region in three-dimensional space defined by the inequalities x+y+z1|x|+|y|+|z|\le1 and x+y+z11?|x|+|y|+|z-1|\le1?

16\dfrac16

13\dfrac13

12\dfrac12

23\dfrac23

11

答案:A
知识点:立体几何体积长度、面积与体积的缩放关系
难度评级:2270
解答:

区域 x+y+z1|x|+|y|+|z|\le1 是一个正八面体,顶点为 (±1,0,0),(0,±1,0),(0,0,±1)(\pm1,0,0),(0,\pm1,0),(0,0,\pm1),体积为 213(2)21=432\cdot\tfrac13\cdot(\sqrt2)^2\cdot1=\tfrac43。第二个区域是同一个八面体向上平移 11 后得到的。两者的交集是另一个对角线长为 11 的正八面体,其线性尺寸是原八面体的一半,所以体积为 (12)343=16\left(\tfrac12\right)^3\cdot\tfrac43=\tfrac16

所以正确答案是 A

The region x+y+z1|x|+|y|+|z|\le1 is a regular octahedron with vertices at (±1,0,0),(0,±1,0),(0,0,±1),(\pm1,0,0),(0,\pm1,0),(0,0,\pm1), whose volume is 213(2)21=43.2\cdot\tfrac13\cdot(\sqrt2)^2\cdot1=\tfrac43. The second region is the same octahedron shifted up by 1.1. Their intersection is bounded by another regular octahedron with diagonals of length 1,1, half the linear dimensions of the first, so its volume is (12)343=16.\left(\tfrac12\right)^3\cdot\tfrac43=\tfrac16.

Thus, the correct answer is A.

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