2003 AMC 12A 第 16 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

16.

在等边三角形 ABCABC 内随机选一点 PPABP\triangle ABP 的面积大于 ACP\triangle ACPBCP\triangle BCP 的面积的概率是多少?

A point PP is chosen at random in the interior of equilateral triangle ABC.ABC. What is the probability that ABP\triangle ABP has a greater area than each of ACP\triangle ACP and BCP?\triangle BCP?

16\dfrac{1}{6}

14\dfrac{1}{4}

13\dfrac{1}{3}

12\dfrac{1}{2}

23\dfrac{2}{3}

答案:C
知识点:几何概率三角形面积对称性
难度评级:1660
解答:

ABP\triangle ABPACP\triangle ACPBCP\triangle BCP 的底边都是等边三角形的边,长度相同,所以它们的面积分别与 PP 到对应边的距离成正比。

由等边三角形的三重对称性,ABP\triangle ABP 成为最大面积三角形的概率与另外两个相同,因此概率为 13\dfrac13

所以正确答案是 C

The triangles ABP,\triangle ABP, ACP,\triangle ACP, and BCP\triangle BCP have equal bases (the sides of the equilateral triangle), so their areas are proportional to the distances from PP to those sides.

By the threefold symmetry of the equilateral triangle, ABP\triangle ABP is the largest with the same probability as each of the other two, so that probability is 13.\dfrac13.

Thus, the correct answer is C.

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