1995 AMC 12 第 16 题

先试着解答 1995 AMC 12 第 16 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 1995 AMC 12 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

16.

安妮塔在亚特兰大观看一场棒球比赛,估计有 50,00050{,}000 名观众。鲍勃在波士顿观看一场棒球比赛,估计有 60,00060{,}000 名观众。一位知道两场比赛实际观众人数的联盟官员指出:
i. 亚特兰大的实际观众人数与安妮塔估计值的误差不超过该估计值的 10%10\%。
ii. 鲍勃的估计值与波士顿实际观众人数的误差不超过实际人数的 10%10\%。
将结果四舍五入到最接近的 1,0001{,}000,两场比赛观众人数之差的最大可能值是
Anita attends a baseball game in Atlanta and estimates that there are 50,00050{,}000 fans in attendance. Bob attends a baseball game in Boston and estimates that there are 60,00060{,}000 fans in attendance. A league official who knows the actual numbers attending the two games notes that:
i. The actual attendance in Atlanta is within 10%10\% of Anita’s estimate.
ii. Bob’s estimate is within 10%10\% of the actual attendance in Boston.
To the nearest 1,000,1{,}000, the largest possible difference between the numbers attending the two games is
10,00010{,}000
11,00011{,}000
20,00020{,}000
21,00021{,}000
22,00022{,}000
答案:E
知识点:percent errorinequalities
小提示:
两个陈述中的 10%10\% 分别是以不同的量为基准
In the two statements, the 10%10\% is taken of different quantities
大提示:
求出两个观众人数区间,再用较大的上端点减去较小的下端点
Find both attendance intervals, then maximize the larger endpoint minus the smaller endpoint
解答:
亚特兰大的实际观众人数 AA 满足 45,000≤A≤55,00045{,}000\le A\le55{,}000。对波士顿的实际观众人数 BB,条件为 ∣60,000−B∣≤0.1B|60{,}000-B|\le0.1B,所以 60,0001.1≤B≤60,0000.9\frac{60{,}000}{1.1}\le B\le\frac{60{,}000}{0.9}。因此最大差值为 60,0000.9−45,000=21,666.6‾, \frac{60{,}000}{0.9}-45{,}000 =21{,}666.\overline6\text{,}四舍五入后为 22,00022{,}000。所以正确答案是 E。
Atlanta’s actual attendance AA satisfies 45,000≤A≤55,000.45{,}000\le A\le55{,}000. For Boston’s actual attendance B,B, the condition is ∣60,000−B∣≤0.1B,|60{,}000-B|\le0.1B, so 60,0001.1≤B≤60,0000.9.\frac{60{,}000}{1.1}\le B\le\frac{60{,}000}{0.9}. The largest difference is therefore 60,0000.9−45,000=21,666.6‾, \frac{60{,}000}{0.9}-45{,}000 =21{,}666.\overline6, which rounds to 22,000.22{,}000. Thus the correct answer is E.
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