2015 AMC 12B 第 19 题

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19.

ABC\triangle ABC 中,C=90\angle C = 90^\circAB=12AB = 12。在三角形外侧作正方形 ABXYABXYACWZACWZ。点 XXYYZZWW 在同一个圆上。这个三角形的周长是多少?

In ABC,\triangle ABC, C=90\angle C = 90^\circ and AB=12.AB = 12. Squares ABXYABXY and ACWZACWZ are constructed outside of the triangle. The points X,X, Y,Y, Z,Z, and WW lie on a circle. What is the perimeter of the triangle?

12+9312 + 9\sqrt3

18+6318 + 6\sqrt3

12+12212 + 12\sqrt2

3030

3232

答案:C
知识点:外接圆、外心与外接圆半径直角三角形坐标几何
难度评级:2040
解答:

圆心 OO 位于 XYXYZW,ZW, 的垂直平分线上,而它们也分别是 ABABAC.AC. 的垂直平分线。因此 OOABC,\triangle ABC, 的外心;又因为 C=90,\angle C = 90^\circ,所以 OOAB.AB. 的中点。

a=12BCa = \tfrac12 BCb=12CA.b = \tfrac12 CA.a2+b2=62,a^2 + b^2 = 6^2,OX2=OW2OX^2 = OW^2122+62=b2+(a+2b)2.12^2 + 6^2 = b^2 + (a + 2b)^2. 因为左边是 5(a2+b2),5(a^2+b^2),相减得到 4a(ba)=0.4a(b-a)=0. 所以 a=b,a=b,再由 2a2=362a^2=36a=b=32.a=b=3\sqrt2. 因此 BC=CA=62,BC=CA=6\sqrt2,周长为 12+122.12+12\sqrt2.

因此,正确答案是 C

The center OO of the circle lies on the perpendicular bisectors of XYXY and ZW,ZW, which are the same as those of ABAB and AC.AC. So OO is the circumcenter of ABC,\triangle ABC, and since C=90,\angle C = 90^\circ, OO is the midpoint of AB.AB.

Let a=12BCa = \tfrac12 BC and b=12CA.b = \tfrac12 CA. Then a2+b2=62,a^2 + b^2 = 6^2, and computing OX2=OW2OX^2 = OW^2 gives 122+62=b2+(a+2b)2.12^2 + 6^2 = b^2 + (a + 2b)^2. Because the left side is 5(a2+b2),5(a^2+b^2), subtracting gives 4a(ba)=0.4a(b-a)=0. Thus a=b,a=b, and 2a2=362a^2=36 gives a=b=32.a=b=3\sqrt2. Therefore BC=CA=62,BC=CA=6\sqrt2, and the perimeter is 12+122.12+12\sqrt2.

Thus, the correct answer is C.

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