2004 AMC 12B 第 22 题

先试着解答 2004 AMC 12B 第 22 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2004 AMC 12B 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

22.

方阵 50bcdefgh2\begin{array}{|c|c|c|} \hline 50 & b & c \\ \hline d & e & f \\ \hline g & h & 2 \\ \hline \end{array} 是一个乘法幻方。也就是说,每一行、每一列和每条对角线上的数的乘积都相同。若所有项都是正整数,gg 的可能值之和是多少?
The square 50bcdefgh2\begin{array}{|c|c|c|} \hline 50 & b & c \\ \hline d & e & f \\ \hline g & h & 2 \\ \hline \end{array} is a multiplicative magic square. That is, the product of the numbers in each row, column, and diagonal is the same. If all the entries are positive integers, what is the sum of the possible values of g?g?
1010
2525
3535
6262
136136
答案:C
知识点:幻方方程组整除性
小提示:
利用相等的乘积,把每一项都用 bb 表示。
Express every entry in terms of bb using the equal products
大提示:
角上的关系强制 c=20bc = \dfrac{20}{b} 且 d=4bd = \dfrac{4}{b},所以 b∈{1,2,4}b \in \{1, 2, 4\}。
The corner relations force c=20bc = \dfrac{20}{b} and d=4b,d = \dfrac{4}{b}, so b∈{1,2,4}b \in \{1, 2, 4\}
解答:
由各行、列、对角线乘积相等,可把每一项都写成关于 bb 的式子:h=100bh = \dfrac{100}{b}、g=100cg = \dfrac{100}{c}、f=100df = \dfrac{100}{d}。比较行和列得 c=20bc = \dfrac{20}{b}、d=4bd = \dfrac{4}{b},因此 g=5bg = 5b,且 e=10e = 10。
所有项都是正整数当且仅当 b=1,2b = 1, 2,或 44,对应 g=5,10,20g = 5, 10, 20。它们的和为 3535。
因此正确答案是 C。
From the equal row, column, and diagonal products, every entry can be written in terms of b:b: h=100b,h = \dfrac{100}{b}, g=100c,g = \dfrac{100}{c}, f=100d.f = \dfrac{100}{d}. Comparing rows and columns gives c=20bc = \dfrac{20}{b} and d=4b,d = \dfrac{4}{b}, hence g=5bg = 5b and e=10.e = 10.
All entries are positive integers exactly when b=1,2,b = 1, 2, or 4,4, giving g=5,10,20.g = 5, 10, 20. Their sum is 35.35.
Thus, the correct answer is C.
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