2022 AMC 12A 第 14 题

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14.

求下式的值:

(log5)3+(log20)3+(log8)(log0.25) \begin{aligned} &(\log 5)^3+(\log 20)^3 \\ &\quad {}+(\log 8)(\log 0.25) \end{aligned}

其中 log\log 表示常用对数。

What is the value of

(log5)3+(log20)3+(log8)(log0.25) \begin{aligned} &(\log 5)^3+(\log 20)^3 \\ &\quad {}+(\log 8)(\log 0.25) \end{aligned}

where log\log denotes the base-ten logarithm?

32\dfrac32

74\dfrac74

22

94\dfrac94

33

答案:C
知识点:对数立方和与立方差
难度评级:1730
解答:

u=log2u=\log 2log5=1u\log 5=1-ulog20=1+u\log 20=1+ulog8=3u\log 8=3u, 且 log0.25=2u\log 0.25=-2u

a=1u, b=1+ua=1-u,\ b=1+ua+b=2a+b=2ab=1u2ab=1-u^2, 所以 a3+b3=(a+b)((a+b)23ab)=2(43(1u2))=2+6u2. \begin{gathered} a^3+b^3 \\ =(a+b)\big((a+b)^2-3ab\big) \\ =2\big(4-3(1-u^2)\big) \\ =2+6u^2. \end{gathered}

最后一项是 (3u)(2u)=6u2(3u)(-2u)=-6u^2, 因此总和为 2+6u26u2=22+6u^2-6u^2=2

因此,正确答案是 C

Let u=log2.u=\log 2. Then log5=1u,\log 5=1-u, log20=1+u,\log 20=1+u, log8=3u,\log 8=3u, and log0.25=2u.\log 0.25=-2u.

With a=1u, b=1+u,a=1-u,\ b=1+u, we have a+b=2a+b=2 and ab=1u2,ab=1-u^2, so a3+b3=(a+b)((a+b)23ab)=2(43(1u2))=2+6u2. \begin{gathered} a^3+b^3 \\ =(a+b)\big((a+b)^2-3ab\big) \\ =2\big(4-3(1-u^2)\big) \\ =2+6u^2. \end{gathered}

The last term is (3u)(2u)=6u2,(3u)(-2u)=-6u^2, so the total is 2+6u26u2=2.2+6u^2-6u^2=2.

Thus, the correct answer is C.

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