2021 AMC 12B Fall 第 19 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

19.

边数为 55667788 的正多边形内接于同一个圆。没有两个多边形共用顶点,也没有三条边交于同一点。 在圆内部,有多少个点是其中两个多边形的边的交点?

Regular polygons with 5,5, 6,6, 7,7, and 88 sides are inscribed in the same circle. No two of the polygons share a vertex, and no three of their sides intersect at a common point. At how many points inside the circle do two of their sides intersect?

5252

5656

6060

6464

6868

答案:E
知识点:正多边形交点计数
难度评级:2320
解答:

对同圆内接且没有共顶点的两个凸多边形,较小多边形的每条边会与较大多边形的边界相交两次,因此交点数为 2min(m,n)2\min(m, n)

对所有多边形对求和:(5,6),(5,7),(5,8)(5,6), (5,7), (5,8) 各给出 1010 个交点;(6,7),(6,8)(6,7), (6,8) 各给出 1212 个;(7,8)(7,8) 给出 1414 个。

总数为 310+212+14=683 \cdot 10 + 2 \cdot 12 + 14 = 68

所以正确答案是 E

For two convex polygons inscribed in the same circle with no shared vertices, each side of the smaller polygon crosses the larger polygon's boundary exactly twice, so they meet at 2min(m,n)2\min(m, n) points.

Summing over all pairs: (5,6),(5,7),(5,8)(5,6), (5,7), (5,8) give 1010 each; (6,7),(6,8)(6,7), (6,8) give 1212 each; (7,8)(7,8) gives 14.14.

The total is 310+212+14=68.3 \cdot 10 + 2 \cdot 12 + 14 = 68.

Thus, the correct answer is E.

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