2005 AMC 12B 第 14 题

先试着解答 2005 AMC 12B 第 14 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2005 AMC 12B 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

14.

一个圆的圆心为 (0,k)(0, k),其中 k>6k \gt 6。该圆与直线 y=xy = x、y=−xy = -x 和 y=6y = 6 都相切。该圆的半径是多少?
A circle having center (0,k),(0, k), with k>6,k \gt 6, is tangent to the lines y=x,y = x, y=−xy = -x and y=6.y = 6. What is the radius of this circle?
62−66\sqrt{2} - 6
66
626\sqrt{2}
1212
6+626 + 6\sqrt{2}
答案:E
知识点:圆切线坐标几何
小提示:
与 y=6y = 6 相切、圆心为 (0,k)(0,k) 且 k>6k \gt 6,可得 r=k−6r = k - 6。
Tangency to y=6y = 6 with center (0,k)(0,k) and k>6k \gt 6 gives r=k−6r = k - 6
大提示:
点 (0,k)(0,k) 到直线 y=xy = x 的距离是 k2\dfrac{k}{\sqrt2},这个距离也等于 rr。
The distance from (0,k)(0,k) to the line y=xy = x is k2,\dfrac{k}{\sqrt2}, and it also equals rr
解答:
圆与 y=6y = 6 相切,且圆心 (0,k)(0, k) 在其上方,所以半径为 r=k−6r = k - 6。
点 (0,k)(0, k) 到直线 x−y=0x - y = 0 的距离为 ∣0−k∣2=k2\dfrac{|0 - k|}{\sqrt2} = \dfrac{k}{\sqrt2},这也等于 rr。
令 k2=k−6\dfrac{k}{\sqrt2} = k - 6,得 k=622−1k = \dfrac{6\sqrt2}{\sqrt2 - 1} =62 (2+1)= 6\sqrt2\,(\sqrt2+1) =12+62= 12 + 6\sqrt2。
因此 r=k−6=6+62r = k - 6 = 6 + 6\sqrt2。
所以正确答案是 E。
Since the circle is tangent to y=6y = 6 and its center (0,k)(0, k) is above that line, the radius is r=k−6.r = k - 6.
The distance from (0,k)(0, k) to the line x−y=0x - y = 0 is ∣0−k∣2=k2,\dfrac{|0 - k|}{\sqrt2} = \dfrac{k}{\sqrt2}, and this must also equal r.r.
Setting k2=k−6\dfrac{k}{\sqrt2} = k - 6 gives k=622−1k = \dfrac{6\sqrt2}{\sqrt2 - 1} =62 (2+1)= 6\sqrt2\,(\sqrt2+1) =12+62.= 12 + 6\sqrt2.
Then r=k−6=6+62.r = k - 6 = 6 + 6\sqrt2.
Thus, the correct answer is E.
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