2004 AMC 12B 第 14 题

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14.

ABC\triangle ABC 中,AB=13AB = 13AC=5AC = 5BC=12BC = 12。点 MMNN 分别在 AC\overline{AC}BC\overline{BC} 上,且 CM=CN=4CM = CN = 4。点 JJKKAB\overline{AB} 上,使得 MJ\overline{MJ}NK\overline{NK} 都垂直于 AB\overline{AB}。五边形 CMJKNCMJKN 的面积是多少?

In ABC,\triangle ABC, AB=13,AB = 13, AC=5AC = 5 and BC=12.BC = 12. Points MM and NN lie on AC\overline{AC} and BC,\overline{BC}, respectively, with CM=CN=4.CM = CN = 4. Points JJ and KK are on AB\overline{AB} so that MJ\overline{MJ} and NK\overline{NK} are perpendicular to AB.\overline{AB}. What is the area of pentagon CMJKN?CMJKN?

1515

815\dfrac{81}{5}

20512\dfrac{205}{12}

24013\dfrac{240}{13}

2020

答案:D
知识点:相似直角三角形面积分割
难度评级:1680
解答:

因为 52+122=1325^2 + 12^2 = 13^2ABC\triangle ABCCC 处为直角,面积为 12(5)(12)=30\tfrac12 (5)(12) = 30。小直角三角形 AMJ\triangle AMJNBK\triangle NBK 都与 ABC\triangle ABC, 相似,斜边分别为 AM=54=1AM = 5 - 4 = 1BN=124=8BN = 12 - 4 = 8。它们的面积为 (113)2(30)\left(\dfrac{1}{13}\right)^2 (30)(813)2(30)\left(\dfrac{8}{13}\right)^2 (30)

五边形是剩余部分: (1116964169)(30)=104169(30)=24013. \begin{gathered} \left(1 - \dfrac{1}{169} - \dfrac{64}{169}\right)(30) \\ {}= \dfrac{104}{169}(30) = \dfrac{240}{13}. \end{gathered}

因此正确答案是 D

Since 52+122=132,5^2 + 12^2 = 13^2, ABC\triangle ABC is right-angled at CC with area 12(5)(12)=30.\tfrac12 (5)(12) = 30. The small right triangles AMJ\triangle AMJ and NBK\triangle NBK are each similar to ABC,\triangle ABC, with hypotenuses AM=54=1AM = 5 - 4 = 1 and BN=124=8.BN = 12 - 4 = 8. Their areas are (113)2(30)\left(\dfrac{1}{13}\right)^2 (30) and (813)2(30).\left(\dfrac{8}{13}\right)^2 (30).

The pentagon is what remains: (1116964169)(30)=104169(30)=24013. \begin{gathered} \left(1 - \dfrac{1}{169} - \dfrac{64}{169}\right)(30) \\ {}= \dfrac{104}{169}(30) = \dfrac{240}{13}. \end{gathered}

Thus, the correct answer is D.

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