2023 AMC 12A 第 9 题

先试着解答 2023 AMC 12A 第 9 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2023 AMC 12A 解答,或核对答案

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

9.

一个面积为 22 的正方形内接于一个面积为 33 的正方形中,形成四个全等三角形,如下图所示。阴影直角三角形的较短直角边与较长直角边之比是多少?

A square of area 22 is inscribed in a square of area 3,3, creating four congruent triangles, as shown below. What is the ratio of the shorter leg to the longer leg in the shaded right triangle?

15\dfrac{1}{5}

14\dfrac{1}{4}

232-\sqrt{3}

32\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}

21\sqrt{2}-1

答案:C
知识点:正方形(几何)勾股定理方程组
难度评级:1500
解答:

外正方形边长为 3\sqrt3,内正方形边长为 2\sqrt2。每个三角形是直角三角形,其两条直角边 ppqq 沿着外正方形的一条边,所以 p+q=3p+q=\sqrt3;其斜边是内正方形的一条边,所以 p2+q2=2p^2+q^2=2

(p+q)2=3(p+q)^2=3 可得 2pq=12pq=1,所以 ppqqt23t+12=0t^2-\sqrt3\,t+\tfrac12=0 的两个根,即 3±12\dfrac{\sqrt3\pm 1}{2}

较短边与较长边之比为 313+1=(31)22=23. \begin{gathered} \dfrac{\sqrt3-1}{\sqrt3+1}\\ {}=\dfrac{(\sqrt3-1)^2}{2}\\ {}=2-\sqrt3. \end{gathered}

所以正确答案是 C

The outer square has side 3\sqrt3 and the inner square has side 2.\sqrt2. Each triangle is right, with legs pp and qq along an outer side, so p+q=3,p+q=\sqrt3, and with hypotenuse an inner side, so p2+q2=2.p^2+q^2=2.

Then (p+q)2=3(p+q)^2=3 gives 2pq=1,2pq=1, so pp and qq are the roots of t23t+12=0,t^2-\sqrt3\,t+\tfrac12=0, namely 3±12.\dfrac{\sqrt3\pm 1}{2}.

The ratio of shorter to longer leg is 313+1=(31)22=23. \begin{gathered} \dfrac{\sqrt3-1}{\sqrt3+1}\\ {}=\dfrac{(\sqrt3-1)^2}{2}\\ {}=2-\sqrt3. \end{gathered}

Thus, the correct answer is C.

← 第 8 题#8
完整试卷

其他年份的第 9 题