2022 AMC 12B 第 6 题

先试着解答 2022 AMC 12B 第 6 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2022 AMC 12B 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

6.

考虑下列 100100 个集合,每个集合有 1010 个元素:
{1,2,3,…,10},\{1,2,3,\ldots,10\}\text{,}{11,12,13,…,20},\{11,12,13,\ldots,20\}\text{,}{21,22,23,…,30},\{21,22,23,\ldots,30\}\text{,}⋮\vdots {991,992,993,…,1000}。\{991,992,993,\ldots,1000\}\text{。}
其中有多少个集合恰好含有两个 77 的倍数?
Consider the following 100100 sets of 1010 elements each:
{1,2,3,…,10},\{1,2,3,\ldots,10\}, {11,12,13,…,20},\{11,12,13,\ldots,20\}, {21,22,23,…,30},\{21,22,23,\ldots,30\}, ⋮\vdots {991,992,993,…,1000}.\{991,992,993,\ldots,1000\}.
How many of these sets contain exactly two multiples of 7?7?
4040
4242
4343
4949
5050
答案:B
知识点:倍数区间内整数计数
小提示:
一个含 1010 个连续整数的区间含有一个或两个 77 的倍数。
A block of 1010 consecutive integers contains either one or two multiples of 77
大提示:
先数 {1,…,1000}\{1,\ldots,1000\} 中 77 的倍数总数,再设有 xx 个区间含两个、100−x100-x 个区间含一个。
Count the total multiples of 77 in {1,…,1000},\{1,\ldots,1000\}, then let xx blocks have two and 100−x100-x have one
解答:
从 11 到 10001000 中有 ⌊10007⌋=142\left\lfloor \tfrac{1000}{7} \right\rfloor = 142 个 77 的倍数。由于 10>710 \gt 7,每个长度为 1010 的连续整数区间含有一个或两个 77 的倍数。
设有 xx 个区间含两个倍数,其余 100−x100 - x 个区间各含一个,则 2x+(100−x)=1422x + (100 - x) = 142,所以 x=42x = 42。
所以正确答案是 B。
Among 11 to 10001000 there are ⌊10007⌋=142\left\lfloor \tfrac{1000}{7} \right\rfloor = 142 multiples of 7.7. Because 10>7,10 \gt 7, each block of 1010 consecutive integers contains one or two multiples of 7.7.
If xx blocks contain two and the remaining 100−x100 - x contain one, then 2x+(100−x)=142,2x + (100 - x) = 142, so x=42.x = 42.
Thus, the correct answer is B.
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