2022 AMC 12B 第 6 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

6.

考虑下列 100100 个集合,每个集合有 1010 个元素:

{1,2,3,,10},\{1,2,3,\ldots,10\}, {11,12,13,,20},\{11,12,13,\ldots,20\}, {21,22,23,,30},\{21,22,23,\ldots,30\}, \vdots {991,992,993,,1000}.\{991,992,993,\ldots,1000\}.

其中有多少个集合恰好含有两个 77 的倍数?

Consider the following 100100 sets of 1010 elements each:

{1,2,3,,10},\{1,2,3,\ldots,10\}, {11,12,13,,20},\{11,12,13,\ldots,20\}, {21,22,23,,30},\{21,22,23,\ldots,30\}, \vdots {991,992,993,,1000}.\{991,992,993,\ldots,1000\}.

How many of these sets contain exactly two multiples of 7?7?

4040

4242

4343

4949

5050

答案:B
知识点:倍数区间内整数计数
难度评级:1350
解答:

1110001000 中有 10007=142\left\lfloor \tfrac{1000}{7} \right\rfloor = 14277 的倍数。由于 10>710 \gt 7,每个长度为 1010 的连续整数区间含有一个或两个 77 的倍数。

设有 xx 个区间含两个倍数,其余 100x100 - x 个区间各含一个,则 2x+(100x)=1422x + (100 - x) = 142 所以 x=42x = 42

所以正确答案是 B

Among 11 to 10001000 there are 10007=142\left\lfloor \tfrac{1000}{7} \right\rfloor = 142 multiples of 7.7. Because 10>7,10 \gt 7, each block of 1010 consecutive integers contains one or two multiples of 7.7.

If xx blocks contain two and the remaining 100x100 - x contain one, then 2x+(100x)=142,2x + (100 - x) = 142, so x=42.x = 42.

Thus, the correct answer is B.

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