2021 AMC 12A Fall 第 14 题

先试着解答 2021 AMC 12A Fall 第 14 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2021 AMC 12A Fall 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

14.

如图,等边六边形 ABCDEFABCDEF 有三个互不相邻的锐内角,每个都是 30∘30^\circ。该六边形围成的面积为 636\sqrt{3}。这个六边形的周长是多少?
In the figure, equilateral hexagon ABCDEFABCDEF has three nonadjacent acute interior angles that each measure 30∘.30^\circ. The enclosed area of the hexagon is 63.6\sqrt{3}. What is the perimeter of the hexagon?
44
434\sqrt{3}
1212
1818
12312\sqrt{3}
答案:E
知识点:面积分割三角学
小提示:
设边长为 ss。三个 30∘30^\circ 尖端是腰长为 ss 的等腰三角形;它们位于三个凹角顶点形成的内三角形的边上
Let the side be s.s. The three 30∘30^\circ tips are isosceles triangles with legs s;s; they sit on the sides of the inner triangle formed by the three reflex vertices
大提示:
每个尖端面积为 12s2sin⁡30∘\tfrac12 s^2 \sin 30^\circ,内侧等边三角形边长为 2ssin⁡15∘2s\sin 15^\circ。
Each tip has area 12s2sin⁡30∘,\tfrac12 s^2 \sin 30^\circ, and the inner equilateral triangle has side 2ssin⁡15∘2s\sin 15^\circ
解答:
设公共边长为 ss。三个锐角顶点是三个等腰三角形的尖端,这些三角形的两边为 ss,顶角为 30∘30^\circ;每个面积为 12s2sin⁡30∘=s24\tfrac12 s^2 \sin 30^\circ = \tfrac{s^2}{4}。
三个凹角顶点形成一个内侧等边三角形,边长为 2ssin⁡15∘2s\sin 15^\circ,面积为 3 s2sin⁡215∘\sqrt3\,s^2\sin^2 15^\circ。利用 sin⁡215∘=2−34\sin^2 15^\circ = \tfrac{2 - \sqrt3}{4},总面积为 3s24+3 s2⋅2−34=s232。 \frac{3s^2}{4} + \sqrt3\,s^2\cdot\frac{2 - \sqrt3}{4} = \frac{s^2\sqrt3}{2}\text{。}
令 s232=63\tfrac{s^2\sqrt3}{2} = 6\sqrt3,得 s2=12s^2 = 12,所以 s=23s = 2\sqrt3,周长为 6s=1236s = 12\sqrt3。
所以正确答案是 E。
Let the common side length be s.s. The three acute vertices are the tips of isosceles triangles with two sides ss and apex 30∘;30^\circ; each has area 12s2sin⁡30∘=s24.\tfrac12 s^2 \sin 30^\circ = \tfrac{s^2}{4}.
The three reflex vertices form an inner equilateral triangle with side 2ssin⁡15∘,2s\sin 15^\circ, whose area is 3 s2sin⁡215∘.\sqrt3\,s^2\sin^2 15^\circ. Using sin⁡215∘=2−34,\sin^2 15^\circ = \tfrac{2 - \sqrt3}{4}, the total area is 3s24+3 s2⋅2−34=s232. \frac{3s^2}{4} + \sqrt3\,s^2\cdot\frac{2 - \sqrt3}{4} = \frac{s^2\sqrt3}{2}.
Setting s232=63\tfrac{s^2\sqrt3}{2} = 6\sqrt3 gives s2=12,s^2 = 12, so s=23s = 2\sqrt3 and the perimeter is 6s=123.6s = 12\sqrt3.
Thus, the correct answer is E.
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