2021 AMC 12B Spring 第 8 题

先试着解答 2021 AMC 12B Spring 第 8 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2021 AMC 12B Spring 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

8.

三条等间距平行线与一个圆相交,形成三条长度分别为 3838,3838,和 3434 的弦。相邻两条平行线之间的距离是多少?
Three equally spaced parallel lines intersect a circle, creating three chords of lengths 38,38, 38,38, and 34.34. What is the distance between two adjacent parallel lines?
5125\tfrac{1}{2}
66
6126\tfrac{1}{2}
77
7127\tfrac{1}{2}
答案:B
知识点:弦勾股定理
小提示:
等弦到圆心的距离相等,所以两条 3838 的弦位于高度 ±d2\pm\tfrac{d}{2}。
Equal chords are equidistant from the center, so the two 3838 chords sit at heights ±d2\pm\tfrac{d}{2}
大提示:
设间距为 dd,使用 r2−(d2)2=192r^2-\left(\tfrac{d}{2}\right)^2=19^2 和 r2−(3d2)2=172r^2-\left(\tfrac{3d}{2}\right)^2=17^2
With spacing d,d, use r2−(d2)2=192r^2-\left(\tfrac{d}{2}\right)^2=19^2 and r2−(3d2)2=172r^2-\left(\tfrac{3d}{2}\right)^2=17^2
解答:
把圆心放在高度 00。两条等弦到圆心距离相等,所以三条等间距直线可放在高度 −d2,d2,3d2-\tfrac{d}{2},\tfrac{d}{2},\tfrac{3d}{2},其中两条 3838 的弦在 ±d2\pm\tfrac{d}{2},3434 的弦在 3d2\tfrac{3d}{2}。
半弦关系给出 r2−(d2)2=192r^2-\left(\tfrac{d}{2}\right)^2=19^2 和 r2−(3d2)2=172r^2-\left(\tfrac{3d}{2}\right)^2=17^2。
相减得 2d2=192−172=722d^2=19^2-17^2=72,所以 d2=36d^2=36,d=6d=6。
所以正确答案是 B。
Place the center at height 0.0. Two equal chords lie at equal distances from the center, so the three equally spaced lines are at heights −d2,d2,3d2,-\tfrac{d}{2},\tfrac{d}{2},\tfrac{3d}{2}, with the two 3838-chords at ±d2\pm\tfrac{d}{2} and the 3434-chord at 3d2.\tfrac{3d}{2}.
Half-chord relations give r2−(d2)2=192r^2-\left(\tfrac{d}{2}\right)^2=19^2 and r2−(3d2)2=172.r^2-\left(\tfrac{3d}{2}\right)^2=17^2.
Subtracting, 2d2=192−172=72,2d^2=19^2-17^2=72, so d2=36d^2=36 and d=6.d=6.
Thus, the correct answer is B.
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