2009 AMC 12B 第 22 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

22.

平行四边形 ABCDABCD 的面积为 1,000,0001{,}000{,}000。顶点 AA(0,0)(0, 0),其余顶点都在第一象限。顶点 BBDD 分别是在直线 y=xy = xy=kxy = kx 上的格点,其中 k>1k \gt 1 是整数。这样的平行四边形有多少个?

Parallelogram ABCDABCD has area 1,000,000.1{,}000{,}000. Vertex AA is at (0,0)(0, 0) and all other vertices are in the first quadrant. Vertices BB and DD are lattice points on the lines y=xy = x and y=kxy = kx for some integer k>1,k \gt 1, respectively. How many such parallelograms are there?

4949

720720

784784

20092009

20482048

答案:C
知识点:格点隔板法质因数分解
难度评级:2340
解答:

B=(b,b)B = (b, b)D=(d,kd)D = (d, kd),其中 b,d,kb, d, k 为正整数且 k>1k \gt 1。面积条件给出 (k1)bd=1,000,000=2656(k - 1)bd = 1{,}000{,}000 = 2^6 \cdot 5^6

每个平行四边形对应一个正整数有序三元组 (k1,b,d)(k - 1, b, d),其乘积为 26562^6 \cdot 5^6。六个因子 22 在三个位置中的分配数为 (6+22)=28\binom{6 + 2}{2} = 28,因子 55 也有 2828 种分配,所以共有 282=78428^2 = 784 个。

所以正确答案是 C

Let B=(b,b)B = (b, b) and D=(d,kd)D = (d, kd) with b,d,kb, d, k positive integers and k>1.k \gt 1. The area is (k1)bd=1,000,000=2656.(k - 1)bd = 1{,}000{,}000 = 2^6 \cdot 5^6.

Each parallelogram corresponds to an ordered triple (k1,b,d)(k - 1, b, d) of positive integers with product 2656.2^6 \cdot 5^6. The six 22's distribute among the three factors in (6+22)=28\binom{6 + 2}{2} = 28 ways, and likewise the six 55's in 2828 ways, giving 282=784.28^2 = 784.

Thus, the correct answer is C.

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