2006 AMC 12A 第 9 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

9.

Oscar 用 $1.00\$1.00 买了 1313 支铅笔和 33 块橡皮。一支铅笔比一块橡皮贵,且每件物品的价格都是整数美分。一支铅笔和一块橡皮的总价是多少美分?

Oscar buys 1313 pencils and 33 erasers for $1.00.\$1.00. A pencil costs more than an eraser, and both items cost a whole number of cents. What is the total cost, in cents, of one pencil and one eraser?

1010

1212

1515

1818

2020

答案:A
知识点:丢番图方程整除性
难度评级:1430
解答:

pp 为一支铅笔的价格,ss 为一支铅笔加一块橡皮的总价,单位为美分。那么 所以 3s3s1010 的倍数且小于 100100。因此 s{10,20,30}s \in \{10, 20, 30\},对应的 p=7,4,1p = 7, 4, 113p+3e=3s+10p=100, 13p + 3e = 3s + 10p = 100,

因为铅笔比橡皮贵,p>s2p \gt \tfrac{s}{2},只有 s=10s = 10 满足(铅笔 77 美分,橡皮 33 美分)。所以一支铅笔和一块橡皮共 1010 美分。

因此,正确答案是 A

Let pp be a pencil's cost and ss the cost of one pencil plus one eraser, in cents. Then 13p+3e=3s+10p=100, 13p + 3e = 3s + 10p = 100, so 3s3s is a multiple of 1010 less than 100.100. Hence s{10,20,30},s \in \{10, 20, 30\}, with p=7,4,1p = 7, 4, 1 respectively.

Since a pencil costs more than an eraser, p>s2,p \gt \tfrac{s}{2}, which holds only for s=10s = 10 (pencil 7,7, eraser 33). So one pencil and one eraser cost 1010 cents.

Thus, the correct answer is A.

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