2021 AMC 12B Fall 第 10 题

先试着解答 2021 AMC 12B Fall 第 10 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2021 AMC 12B Fall 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

10.

坐标平面上的三点 (cos⁡40∘,sin⁡40∘), (\cos 40^\circ, \sin 40^\circ),\ (cos⁡60∘,sin⁡60∘)(\cos 60^\circ, \sin 60^\circ),和   (cos⁡t∘,sin⁡t∘)\ \ (\cos t^\circ, \sin t^\circ) 构成等腰三角形。求 00 到 360360 之间所有可能的 tt 之和。
What is the sum of all possible values of tt between 00 and 360360 such that the triangle in the coordinate plane whose vertices are (cos⁡40∘,sin⁡40∘), (\cos 40^\circ, \sin 40^\circ),\ (cos⁡60∘,sin⁡60∘),(\cos 60^\circ, \sin 60^\circ), and   (cos⁡t∘,sin⁡t∘)\ \ (\cos t^\circ, \sin t^\circ) is isosceles?
100100
150150
330330
360360
380380
答案:E
知识点:圆弦等腰三角形
小提示:
三个点都在单位圆上,所以边相等等价于对应弦相等,也就是圆弧间隔相等。
All three points lie on the unit circle, so equal sides mean equal chords, i.e. equal arc separations
大提示:
分三种情况:第三点到 AA 的距离相等、到 BB 的距离相等,或位于它们的垂直平分线上。
Consider the three cases where the third point matches distance to A,A, to B,B, or lies on their perpendicular bisector
解答:
三个点位于单位圆上,对应角分别为 40∘40^\circ,60∘60^\circ,t∘t^\circ。
若第三点到其余两点的距离相等,它必在这两点连线的垂直平分线上,故 t=50t = 50 或 t=230t = 230。
若它到 40∘40^\circ 所对点的距离等于两个已知点间的弦长(角度差为 20∘20^\circ),则 t=20t = 20(t=60t = 60 时三角形退化)。同理,若它到 60∘60^\circ 所对点的距离相等,则 t=80t = 80(t=40t = 40 时退化)。
有效值为 50,230,20,8050, 230, 20, 80,总和为 380380。
所以正确答案是 E。
The three points lie on the unit circle at angles 40∘,40^\circ, 60∘,60^\circ, and t∘.t^\circ. A chord’s length depends only on the angular separation of its endpoints.
If the third point is equidistant from the other two, it lies on the perpendicular bisector: t=50t = 50 or t=230.t = 230.
If its distance to 40∘40^\circ equals the fixed chord (separation 20∘20^\circ), then t=20t = 20 (since t=60t = 60 is degenerate). If its distance to 60∘60^\circ matches, then t=80t = 80 (since t=40t = 40 is degenerate).
The valid values are 50,230,20,80,50, 230, 20, 80, summing to 380.380.
Thus, the correct answer is E.
LIVE by Po-Shen Loh
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