2021 AMC 12A Fall 第 6 题

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6.

如下图所示,点 EE 位于直线 CDCD 所确定的、与点 AA 相反的半平面内,且 CDE=110\angle CDE = 110^\circ。点 FFAD\overline{AD} 上,使得 DE=DFDE = DF,并且 ABCDABCD 是正方形。AFE\angle AFE 的度数是多少?

As shown in the figure below, point EE lies on the opposite half-plane determined by line CDCD from point AA so that CDE=110.\angle CDE = 110^\circ. Point FF lies on AD\overline{AD} so that DE=DF,DE = DF, and ABCDABCD is a square. What is the degree measure of AFE?\angle AFE?

160160

164164

166166

170170

174174

答案:D
知识点:导角等腰三角形正方形(几何)
难度评级:1350
解答:

因为 ABCDABCD 是正方形,ADC=90\angle ADC = 90^\circ。又因为 EEAA 在直线 CDCD 的两侧,射线 DEDE 越过了 DCDC,所以三角形 DFEDFEDD 处的角 (其中 FFAD\overline{AD} 上)为 FDE=360\angle FDE = 360^\circ (ADC+CDE)- (\angle ADC + \angle CDE) =360(90+110)= 360^\circ - (90^\circ + 110^\circ) =160= 160^\circ

因为 DF=DEDF = DE,三角形 DFEDFE 是等腰三角形,其底角 DFE=1801602=10\angle DFE = \tfrac{180^\circ - 160^\circ}{2} = 10^\circ

因为 AA FF DD 共线,所以 AFE=180DFE=170\angle AFE = 180^\circ - \angle DFE = 170^\circ

所以正确答案是 D

Because ABCDABCD is a square, ADC=90.\angle ADC = 90^\circ. Since EE and AA lie on opposite sides of line CD,CD, ray DEDE is swung past DC,DC, so the angle of triangle DFEDFE at DD (with FF on AD\overline{AD}) is FDE=360\angle FDE = 360^\circ (ADC+CDE)- (\angle ADC + \angle CDE) =360(90+110)= 360^\circ - (90^\circ + 110^\circ) =160.= 160^\circ.

Since DF=DE,DF = DE, triangle DFEDFE is isosceles with base angles DFE=1801602=10.\angle DFE = \tfrac{180^\circ - 160^\circ}{2} = 10^\circ.

As A,A, F,F, DD are collinear, AFE=180DFE=170.\angle AFE = 180^\circ - \angle DFE = 170^\circ.

Thus, the correct answer is D.

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