2010 AMC 12B 第 8 题

先试着解答 2010 AMC 12B 第 8 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2010 AMC 12B 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

8.

Euclid 市的每所高中都派出一支由 33 名学生组成的队伍参加数学竞赛。每名参赛者的分数都不同。Andrea 的分数是所有学生中的中位数,并且她是自己队中分数最高的。Andrea 的队友 Beth 和 Carla 分别排第 3737 名和第 6464 名。这个城市有多少所高中?
Every high school in the city of Euclid sent a team of 33 students to a math contest. Each participant in the contest received a different score. Andrea’s score was the median among all students, and hers was the highest score on her team. Andrea’s teammates Beth and Carla placed 3737th and 6464th, respectively. How many schools are in the city?
2222
2323
2424
2525
2626
答案:B
知识点:中位数(数据)奇偶性不等式
小提示:
若有 nn 所学校,则共有 3n3n 名学生,中位数的位置是 3n+12\dfrac{3n+1}{2}
With nn schools there are 3n3n students, and the median sits at position 3n+12\dfrac{3n+1}{2}
大提示:
3n≥643n\ge64,且 Andrea 排在 Beth 的第 3737 名之前,所以 3n+12<37\dfrac{3n+1}{2}\lt37
3n≥64,3n\ge64, and Andrea placed ahead of Beth’s 3737th, so 3n+12<37\dfrac{3n+1}{2}\lt37
解答:
若有 nn 所学校,则共有 3n3n 名学生。Carla 排第 6464 名,所以 3n≥643n\ge64,n≥22n\ge22。
分数都不同,且 Andrea 是中位数,所以 3n3n 是奇数,从而 nn 是奇数且 n≥23n\ge23。
Andrea 的名次是 3n+12\dfrac{3n+1}{2},且她高于 Beth(第 3737 名),所以 3n+12<37\dfrac{3n+1}{2}\lt37,得 3n<733n\lt73,n≤24n\le24。唯一的奇数取值是 n=23n=23。
因此,正确答案是 B。
With nn schools there are 3n3n students. Carla placed 6464th, so 3n≥643n\ge64 and n≥22.n\ge22.
The scores are distinct and Andrea is the median, so 3n3n is odd, forcing nn odd and n≥23.n\ge23.
Andrea’s position is 3n+12,\dfrac{3n+1}{2}, and she beat Beth (3737th), so 3n+12<37,\dfrac{3n+1}{2}\lt37, giving 3n<733n\lt73 and n≤24.n\le24. The only odd value is n=23.n=23.
Thus, the correct answer is B.
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