2010 AMC 12A 第 8 题

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8.

三角形 ABCABC 满足 AB=2ACAB=2 \cdot AC。点 DDEE 分别在 AB\overline{AB}BC\overline{BC} 上,且 BAE=ACD\angle BAE = \angle ACD。设 FF 为线段 AEAECDCD 的交点,并且 CFE\triangle CFE 是等边三角形。求 ACB\angle ACB

Triangle ABCABC has AB=2AC.AB=2 \cdot AC. Let DD and EE be on AB\overline{AB} and BC,\overline{BC}, respectively, such that BAE=ACD.\angle BAE = \angle ACD. Let FF be the intersection of segments AEAE and CD,CD, and suppose that CFE\triangle CFE is equilateral. What is ACB?\angle ACB?

6060^\circ

7575^\circ

9090^\circ

105105^\circ

120120^\circ

答案:C
知识点:导角等边三角形特殊直角三角形
难度评级:1660
解答:

BAE=ACD=x.\angle BAE=\angle ACD=x. 因为 CFE\triangle CFE 是等边三角形,所以 CFE=60.\angle CFE=60^\circ. 射线 FAFAFEFE 方向相反,因此 AFC=120.\angle AFC=120^\circ.

AFC,\triangle AFC, 中,FAC=180120x\angle FAC=180^\circ-120^\circ-x,即 =60x.=60^\circ-x. 因为 FF 位于 AE,AE, 上,这个角就是 EAC.\angle EAC. 所以 BAC=x+(60x)=60.\angle BAC=x+(60^\circ-x)=60^\circ.

AC=s,AC=s,AB=2s.AB=2s. 由余弦定理,BC2=s2+(2s)22(s)(2s)cos60=3s2. \begin{aligned} BC^2 &= s^2+(2s)^2 \\ &\quad-2(s)(2s)\cos60^\circ \\ &=3s^2. \end{aligned} 因此三边之比为 1:3:2,1:\sqrt3:2,ABAB 为斜边,所以 ACB=90.\angle ACB=90^\circ.

所以正确答案是 C

Let BAE=ACD=x.\angle BAE=\angle ACD=x. Because CFE\triangle CFE is equilateral, CFE=60.\angle CFE=60^\circ. Rays FAFA and FEFE are opposite, so AFC=120.\angle AFC=120^\circ.

In AFC,\triangle AFC, we get FAC=180120x\angle FAC=180^\circ-120^\circ-x =60x.=60^\circ-x. Since FF lies on AE,AE, this is EAC.\angle EAC. Hence BAC=x+(60x)=60.\angle BAC=x+(60^\circ-x)=60^\circ.

Put AC=s,AC=s, so AB=2s.AB=2s. The Law of Cosines gives BC2=s2+(2s)22(s)(2s)cos60=3s2. \begin{aligned} BC^2 &= s^2+(2s)^2 \\ &\quad-2(s)(2s)\cos60^\circ \\ &=3s^2. \end{aligned} Thus the side lengths are in the ratio 1:3:2,1:\sqrt3:2, with ABAB the hypotenuse, so ACB=90.\angle ACB=90^\circ.

Thus, C is the correct answer.

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