2010 AMC 12A 第 10 题

先试着解答 2010 AMC 12A 第 10 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2010 AMC 12A 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

10.

一个等差数列的前四项为 pp、99、3p−q3p-q 和 3p+q3p+q。这个数列的第 20102010 项是多少?
The first four terms of an arithmetic sequence are p,p, 9,9, 3p−q,3p-q, and 3p+q.3p+q. What is the 20102010th term of this sequence?
80418041
80438043
80458045
80478047
80498049
答案:A
知识点:等差数列方程组
小提示:
公差等于 (3p+q)−(3p−q)=2q(3p+q)-(3p-q)=2q。
The common difference equals (3p+q)−(3p−q)=2q(3p+q)-(3p-q)=2q
大提示:
同时 9−p=2q9-p=2q,且 (3p−q)−9=2q(3p-q)-9=2q;解出 pp 和 qq。
Also 9−p=2q9-p=2q and (3p−q)−9=2q;(3p-q)-9=2q; solve for pp and qq
解答:
相邻两项之差都是公差 dd,且 d=(3p+q)−(3p−q)=2qd=(3p+q)-(3p-q)=2q。
由前两项可得 9−p=d=2q9-p=d=2q,由第二、三项可得 (3p−q)−9=d=2q(3p-q)-9=d=2q。解得 p=5p=5,q=2q=2,d=4d=4。
因此第 20102010 项为 p+2009d=5+2009⋅4=8041。 \begin{aligned} p+2009d &= 5+2009\cdot4 \\ &= 8041 \end{aligned}\text{。}
所以正确答案是 A。
Consecutive terms differ by a common difference d.d. From the last two terms, d=(3p+q)−(3p−q)=2q.d=(3p+q)-(3p-q)=2q.
From the first two terms, 9−p=d=2q,9-p=d=2q, and from the second and third, (3p−q)−9=d=2q.(3p-q)-9=d=2q. Solving this system gives p=5,p=5, q=2,q=2, and d=4.d=4.
The 20102010th term is p+2009d=5+2009⋅4=8041. \begin{aligned} p+2009d &= 5+2009\cdot4 \\ &= 8041. \end{aligned}
Thus, A is the correct answer.
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