2024 AMC 12B 第 7 题

先试着解答 2024 AMC 12B 第 7 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2024 AMC 12B 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

7.

下图中,WXYZWXYZ 是一个长方形,且 WX=4WX = 4、WZ=8WZ = 8。点 MM 在 XY‾\overline{XY} 上,点 AA 在 YZ‾\overline{YZ} 上,且 ∠WMA\angle WMA 是直角。三角形 △WXM\triangle WXM 和 △WAZ\triangle WAZ 的面积相等。求 △WMA\triangle WMA 的面积。
In the figure below WXYZWXYZ is a rectangle with WX=4WX = 4 and WZ=8.WZ = 8. Point MM lies on XY‾,\overline{XY}, point AA lies on YZ‾,\overline{YZ}, and ∠WMA\angle WMA is a right angle. The areas of △WXM\triangle WXM and △WAZ\triangle WAZ are equal. What is the area of △WMA?\triangle WMA?
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答案:C
知识点:坐标几何三角形面积
小提示:
设 X=(0,0)X = (0,0)、W=(0,4)W = (0,4)、Y=(8,0)Y = (8,0)、Z=(8,4)Z = (8,4),并令 M=(m,0)M = (m, 0)、A=(8,a)A = (8, a)。
Place X=(0,0),X = (0,0), W=(0,4),W = (0,4), Y=(8,0),Y = (8,0), Z=(8,4),Z = (8,4), with M=(m,0)M = (m, 0) and A=(8,a)A = (8, a)
大提示:
直角条件给出 MW→⋅MA→=0\overrightarrow{MW} \cdot \overrightarrow{MA} = 0,等面积条件给出第二个方程;解出 mm 和 aa。
The right angle gives MW→⋅MA→=0,\overrightarrow{MW} \cdot \overrightarrow{MA} = 0, and the equal-area condition gives a second equation; solve for mm and aa
解答:
设 X=(0,0)X = (0,0)、W=(0,4)W = (0,4)、Y=(8,0)Y = (8,0)、Z=(8,4)Z = (8,4),其中 M=(m,0)M = (m, 0) 在 XY‾\overline{XY} 上,A=(8,a)A = (8, a) 在 YZ‾\overline{YZ} 上。
因为 ∠WMA=90∘\angle WMA = 90^\circ,所以 MW→⋅MA→\overrightarrow{MW} \cdot \overrightarrow{MA} =(−m)(8−m)= (-m)(8-m) +4a=0+ 4a = 0,即 4a=m(8−m)4a = m(8-m)。面积为 [△WXM]=12⋅4⋅m=2m[\triangle WXM] = \tfrac12 \cdot 4 \cdot m = 2m 而 [△WAZ][\triangle WAZ] =12⋅8⋅(4−a)= \tfrac12 \cdot 8 \cdot (4 - a) =4(4−a)= 4(4 - a)。面积相等给出 m=8−2am = 8 - 2a。
把 a=8−m2a = \tfrac{8-m}{2} 代入 4a=m(8−m)4a = m(8-m),得 2(8−m)=m(8−m)2(8-m) = m(8-m),所以 m=2m = 2,a=3a = 3。另一个代数根 m=8m=8 会导致 M=A=YM=A=Y,此时 ∠WMA\angle WMA 没有定义,所以不成立。于是取 W=(0,4)W = (0,4)、M=(2,0)M = (2,0)、A=(8,3)A = (8,3),得 [△WMA]=12 ∣2(3−4)+8(4−0)∣=12(30)=15。 \begin{aligned} [\triangle WMA] &= \tfrac12\,\bigl|2(3 - 4) + 8(4 - 0)\bigr| \\ &= \tfrac12 (30) = 15 \end{aligned}\text{。}
所以正确答案是 C。
Set X=(0,0),X = (0,0), W=(0,4),W = (0,4), Y=(8,0),Y = (8,0), Z=(8,4),Z = (8,4), with M=(m,0)M = (m, 0) on XY‾\overline{XY} and A=(8,a)A = (8, a) on YZ‾.\overline{YZ}.
Since ∠WMA=90∘,\angle WMA = 90^\circ, MW→⋅MA→\overrightarrow{MW} \cdot \overrightarrow{MA} =(−m)(8−m)= (-m)(8-m) +4a=0,+ 4a = 0, so 4a=m(8−m).4a = m(8-m). The areas give [△WXM]=12⋅4⋅m=2m[\triangle WXM] = \tfrac12 \cdot 4 \cdot m = 2m and [△WAZ][\triangle WAZ] =12⋅8⋅(4−a)= \tfrac12 \cdot 8 \cdot (4 - a) =4(4−a).= 4(4 - a). Setting these equal yields m=8−2a.m = 8 - 2a.
Substituting a=8−m2a = \tfrac{8-m}{2} into 4a=m(8−m)4a = m(8-m) gives 2(8−m)=m(8−m),2(8-m) = m(8-m), so m=2m = 2 and a=3.a = 3. The other algebraic root, m=8,m=8, gives M=A=YM=A=Y and no defined angle ∠WMA,\angle WMA, so it is invalid. Then with W=(0,4),W = (0,4), M=(2,0),M = (2,0), A=(8,3),A = (8,3), [△WMA]=12 ∣2(3−4)+8(4−0)∣=12(30)=15. \begin{aligned} [\triangle WMA] &= \tfrac12\,\bigl|2(3 - 4) + 8(4 - 0)\bigr| \\ &= \tfrac12 (30) = 15. \end{aligned}
Thus, the correct answer is C.
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