2023 AMC 12B 第 13 题

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13.

长方体 PP 的三条不同棱长为 aabbccPP 的全部 1212 条棱长之和为 1313PP 的全部 66 个面的面积之和为 112\tfrac{11}{2}PP 的体积为 12\tfrac{1}{2}。连接 PP 的两个顶点的最长内部对角线长度是多少?

A rectangular box PP has distinct edge lengths a,a, b,b, and c.c. The sum of the lengths of all 1212 edges of PP is 13,13, the sum of the areas of all 66 faces of PP is 112,\tfrac{11}{2}, and the volume of PP is 12.\tfrac{1}{2}. What is the length of the longest interior diagonal connecting two vertices of P?P?

22

38\dfrac{3}{8}

98\dfrac{9}{8}

94\dfrac{9}{4}

32\dfrac{3}{2}

答案:D
知识点:长方体代数变形
难度评级:1500
解答:

由棱长和,4(a+b+c)=134(a+b+c)=13,所以 a+b+c=134a+b+c=\tfrac{13}{4}。由表面积,2(ab+bc+ca)=1122(ab+bc+ca)=\tfrac{11}{2},所以 ab+bc+ca=114ab+bc+ca=\tfrac{11}{4}。因此 所以对角线长为 8116=94\sqrt{\tfrac{81}{16}}=\tfrac{9}{4}a2+b2+c2=(134)22114=169168816=8116, \begin{aligned} a^2+b^2+c^2 &=\left(\tfrac{13}{4}\right)^2-2\cdot\tfrac{11}{4} \\ &=\tfrac{169}{16}-\tfrac{88}{16} \\ &=\tfrac{81}{16}, \end{aligned}

因此,正确答案是 D

From the edges, 4(a+b+c)=13,4(a+b+c)=13, so a+b+c=134.a+b+c=\tfrac{13}{4}. From the faces, 2(ab+bc+ca)=112,2(ab+bc+ca)=\tfrac{11}{2}, so ab+bc+ca=114.ab+bc+ca=\tfrac{11}{4}. Then a2+b2+c2=(134)22114=169168816=8116, \begin{aligned} a^2+b^2+c^2 &=\left(\tfrac{13}{4}\right)^2-2\cdot\tfrac{11}{4} \\ &=\tfrac{169}{16}-\tfrac{88}{16} \\ &=\tfrac{81}{16}, \end{aligned} so the diagonal is 8116=94.\sqrt{\tfrac{81}{16}}=\tfrac{9}{4}.

Thus, the correct answer is D.

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