2020 AMC 12B 第 8 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

8.

有多少个整数有序对 (x,y)(x, y) 满足方程

x2020+y2=2y?x^{2020} + y^2 = 2y?

How many ordered pairs of integers (x,y)(x, y) satisfy the equation

x2020+y2=2y?x^{2020} + y^2 = 2y?

11

22

33

44

无限多个

infinitely many

答案:D
知识点:配方法丢番图方程极限情形界定
难度评级:1410
解答:

配方得 x2020+(y1)2=1x^{2020} + (y - 1)^2 = 1 两项都非负,所以 x20201x^{2020} \le 1 从而 x{1,0,1}x \in \{-1, 0, 1\}

x=0x = 0(y1)2=1(y - 1)^2 = 1 所以 y=0y = 0y=2y = 2x=±1x = \pm 1x2020=1x^{2020} = 1 从而 (y1)2=0(y - 1)^2 = 0,故 y=1y = 1 所有解为 (0,0),(0,2),(1,1)(0, 0), (0, 2), (1, 1)(1,1)(-1, 1),一共四个。

所以正确答案是 D

Completing the square gives x2020+(y1)2=1.x^{2020} + (y - 1)^2 = 1. Both terms are nonnegative, so x20201,x^{2020} \le 1, forcing x{1,0,1}.x \in \{-1, 0, 1\}.

If x=0,x = 0, then (y1)2=1,(y - 1)^2 = 1, giving y=0y = 0 or y=2.y = 2. If x=±1,x = \pm 1, then x2020=1,x^{2020} = 1, so (y1)2=0(y - 1)^2 = 0 and y=1.y = 1. The solutions are (0,0),(0,2),(1,1),(0, 0), (0, 2), (1, 1), and (1,1)(-1, 1) — four in all.

Thus, the correct answer is D.

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