2020 AMC 12B 第 10 题

先试着解答 2020 AMC 12B 第 10 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2020 AMC 12B 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

10.

在单位正方形 ABCDABCD 中,内切圆 ω\omega 与 CD‾\overline{CD} 相交于 MM,AM‾\overline{AM} 与 ω\omega 还相交于不同于 MM 的点 PP。APAP 等于多少?
In unit square ABCD,ABCD, the inscribed circle ω\omega intersects CD‾\overline{CD} at M,M, and AM‾\overline{AM} intersects ω\omega at a point PP different from M.M. What is AP?AP?
512\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{12}
510\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{10}
59\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{9}
58\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{8}
2515\dfrac{2\sqrt{5}}{15}
答案:B
知识点:坐标几何圆圆幂
小提示:
取 A=(0,0)A = (0, 0) 则圆心为 (12,12)\left(\tfrac12, \tfrac12\right),且 M=(12,1)M = \left(\tfrac12, 1\right)。
Place A=(0,0),A = (0, 0), so the circle has center (12,12)\left(\tfrac12, \tfrac12\right) and M=(12,1)M = \left(\tfrac12, 1\right)
大提示:
把直线 AMAM 代入圆的方程;两个根分别对应 MM 和 PP。
Substitute the line AMAM into the circle’s equation; the two roots give MM and PP
解答:
令 A=(0,0)A = (0, 0)、B=(1,0)B = (1, 0)、C=(1,1)C = (1, 1)、D=(0,1)D = (0, 1)。内切圆圆心为 (12,12)\left(\tfrac12, \tfrac12\right),半径为 12\tfrac12,并在 M=(12,1)M = \left(\tfrac12, 1\right) 处与 CD‾\overline{CD} 相切。
直线 AMAM 为 y=2xy = 2x。代入 (x−12)2+(y−12)2=14\left(x - \tfrac12\right)^2 + \left(y - \tfrac12\right)^2 = \tfrac14,得到 20x2−12x+1=020x^2 - 12x + 1 = 0,其根为 x=12x = \tfrac12(点 MM)和 x=110x = \tfrac{1}{10}(点 PP)。
因此 P=(110,15)P = \left(\tfrac{1}{10}, \tfrac15\right),且 AP=(110)2+(15)2=510AP = \sqrt{\left(\tfrac{1}{10}\right)^2 + \left(\tfrac15\right)^2} = \frac{\sqrt5}{10}。
所以正确答案是 B。
Let A=(0,0),A = (0, 0), B=(1,0),B = (1, 0), C=(1,1),C = (1, 1), D=(0,1).D = (0, 1). The inscribed circle has center (12,12)\left(\tfrac12, \tfrac12\right) and radius 12,\tfrac12, touching CD‾\overline{CD} at M=(12,1).M = \left(\tfrac12, 1\right).
Line AMAM is y=2x.y = 2x. Substituting into (x−12)2+(y−12)2=14\left(x - \tfrac12\right)^2 + \left(y - \tfrac12\right)^2 = \tfrac14 gives 20x2−12x+1=0,20x^2 - 12x + 1 = 0, with roots x=12x = \tfrac12 (point MM) and x=110x = \tfrac{1}{10} (point PP).
So P=(110,15)P = \left(\tfrac{1}{10}, \tfrac15\right) and AP=(110)2+(15)2=510.AP = \sqrt{\left(\tfrac{1}{10}\right)^2 + \left(\tfrac15\right)^2} = \frac{\sqrt5}{10}.
Thus, the correct answer is B.
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