2020 AMC 12B 第 10 题

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10.

在单位正方形 ABCDABCD 中,内切圆 ω\omegaCD\overline{CD} 相交于 MMAM\overline{AM}ω\omega 还相交于不同于 MM 的点 PP。求 APAP

In unit square ABCD,ABCD, the inscribed circle ω\omega intersects CD\overline{CD} at M,M, and AM\overline{AM} intersects ω\omega at a point PP different from M.M. What is AP?AP?

512\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{12}

510\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{10}

59\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{9}

58\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{8}

2515\dfrac{2\sqrt{5}}{15}

答案:B
知识点:坐标几何圆幂
难度评级:1560
解答:

A=(0,0)A = (0, 0)B=(1,0)B = (1, 0)C=(1,1)C = (1, 1)D=(0,1)D = (0, 1)。内切圆圆心为 (12,12)\left(\tfrac12, \tfrac12\right),半径为 12\tfrac12,并在 M=(12,1)M = \left(\tfrac12, 1\right) 处与 CD\overline{CD} 相切。

直线 AMAMy=2xy = 2x。代入 (x12)2+(y12)2=14\left(x - \tfrac12\right)^2 + \left(y - \tfrac12\right)^2 = \tfrac14,得到 20x212x+1=020x^2 - 12x + 1 = 0,其根为 x=12x = \tfrac12(点 MM)和 x=110x = \tfrac{1}{10}(点 PP)。

因此 P=(110,15)P = \left(\tfrac{1}{10}, \tfrac15\right),且 AP=(110)2+(15)2=510AP = \sqrt{\left(\tfrac{1}{10}\right)^2 + \left(\tfrac15\right)^2} = \frac{\sqrt5}{10}

所以正确答案是 B

Let A=(0,0),A = (0, 0), B=(1,0),B = (1, 0), C=(1,1),C = (1, 1), D=(0,1).D = (0, 1). The inscribed circle has center (12,12)\left(\tfrac12, \tfrac12\right) and radius 12,\tfrac12, touching CD\overline{CD} at M=(12,1).M = \left(\tfrac12, 1\right).

Line AMAM is y=2x.y = 2x. Substituting into (x12)2+(y12)2=14\left(x - \tfrac12\right)^2 + \left(y - \tfrac12\right)^2 = \tfrac14 gives 20x212x+1=0,20x^2 - 12x + 1 = 0, with roots x=12x = \tfrac12 (point MM) and x=110x = \tfrac{1}{10} (point PP).

So P=(110,15)P = \left(\tfrac{1}{10}, \tfrac15\right) and AP=(110)2+(15)2=510.AP = \sqrt{\left(\tfrac{1}{10}\right)^2 + \left(\tfrac15\right)^2} = \frac{\sqrt5}{10}.

Thus, the correct answer is B.

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