2019 AMC 12B 第 7 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

7.

对所有使 4,6,8,174,6,8,17xx 这五个数的中位数等于平均数的实数 xx,这些数的和是多少?

What is the sum of all real numbers xx for which the median of the numbers 4,6,8,17,4,6,8,17, and xx is equal to the mean of those five numbers?

5-5

00

55

154\dfrac{15}{4}

354\dfrac{35}{4}

答案:A
知识点:平均数中位数(数据)分类讨论
难度评级:1280
解答:

平均数为 4+6+8+17+x5=35+x5\dfrac{4+6+8+17+x}{5}=\dfrac{35+x}{5}

x6x\le6 中位数是 66, 所以 35+x5=6\dfrac{35+x}{5}=6,得 x=5x=-5, 符合该范围。

6<x<86\lt x\lt8 中位数是 xx, 所以 35+x5=x\dfrac{35+x}{5}=x,得 x=8.75x=8.75, 不在范围内。 若 x8x\ge8 中位数是 88, 所以 35+x5=8\dfrac{35+x}{5}=8,得 x=5x=5, 不在范围内。

唯一解是 x=5x=-5, 因此和为 5-5

所以正确答案是 A

The mean is 4+6+8+17+x5=35+x5.\dfrac{4+6+8+17+x}{5}=\dfrac{35+x}{5}.

If x6,x\le6, the median is 6,6, so 35+x5=6\dfrac{35+x}{5}=6 gives x=5,x=-5, which is consistent.

If 6<x<8,6\lt x\lt8, the median is x,x, so 35+x5=x\dfrac{35+x}{5}=x gives x=8.75,x=8.75, not in range. If x8,x\ge8, the median is 8,8, so 35+x5=8\dfrac{35+x}{5}=8 gives x=5,x=5, not in range.

The only solution is x=5,x=-5, so the sum is 5.-5.

Thus, A is the correct answer.

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