2006 AMC 12B 第 15 题

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15.

圆心为 OOPP 的两个圆半径分别为 2244,并且外切。点 AABB 在圆心为 OO 的圆上,点 CCDD 在圆心为 PP 的圆上,使得 ADADBCBC 是两个圆的公外切线。六边形 AOBCPDAOBCPD 的面积是多少?

Circles with centers OO and PP have radii 22 and 4,4, respectively, and are externally tangent. Points AA and BB are on the circle centered at O,O, and points CC and DD are on the circle centered at P,P, such that ADAD and BCBC are common external tangents to the circles. What is the area of hexagon AOBCPD?AOBCPD?

18318\sqrt{3}

24224\sqrt{2}

3636

24324\sqrt{3}

32232\sqrt{2}

答案:B
知识点:相切圆梯形勾股定理
难度评级:1680
解答:

两圆外切,所以 OP=2+4=6OP = 2 + 4 = 6。在四边形 AOPDAOPD 中,OA=2OA = 2PD=4PD = 4 都垂直于切线 ADAD,因此它是直角梯形。

OO 作平行于 ADAD 的直线,可形成一个直角三角形,斜边为 OP=6OP = 6,一条直角边为 PDOA=2PD - OA = 2,所以 AD=6222=32=42AD = \sqrt{6^2 - 2^2} = \sqrt{32} = 4\sqrt2

梯形 AOPDAOPD 的面积为 12(2+4)(42)=122.\frac{1}{2}(2 + 4)(4\sqrt2) = 12\sqrt2.

由对称性,六边形 AOBCPDAOBCPD 由两个这样的梯形组成,所以面积为 2122=2422 \cdot 12\sqrt2 = 24\sqrt2

因此,正确答案是 B

The circles are externally tangent, so OP=2+4=6.OP = 2 + 4 = 6. In quadrilateral AOPD,AOPD, both OA=2OA = 2 and PD=4PD = 4 are perpendicular to the tangent line AD,AD, making it a right trapezoid.

Drawing the line through OO parallel to ADAD creates a right triangle with hypotenuse OP=6OP = 6 and one leg PDOA=2,PD - OA = 2, so AD=6222=32=42.AD = \sqrt{6^2 - 2^2} = \sqrt{32} = 4\sqrt2.

The trapezoid AOPDAOPD has area 12(2+4)(42)=122.\frac{1}{2}(2 + 4)(4\sqrt2) = 12\sqrt2.

By symmetry the hexagon AOBCPDAOBCPD is made of two such trapezoids, so its area is 2122=242.2 \cdot 12\sqrt2 = 24\sqrt2.

Thus, the correct answer is B.

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