2005 AMC 12A 第 15 题

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15.

ABAB 是一个圆的直径,CCABAB 上一点,且 2AC=BC2 \cdot AC = BC。设 DDEE 在圆上,使 DCABDC \perp AB,且 DEDE 是另一条直径。求 DCE\triangle DCE 的面积与 ABD\triangle ABD 的面积之比。

Let ABAB be a diameter of a circle and CC be a point on ABAB with 2AC=BC.2 \cdot AC = BC. Let DD and EE be points on the circle such that DCABDC \perp AB and DEDE is a second diameter. What is the ratio of the area of DCE\triangle DCE to the area of ABD?\triangle ABD?

16\dfrac{1}{6}

14\dfrac{1}{4}

13\dfrac{1}{3}

12\dfrac{1}{2}

23\dfrac{2}{3}

答案:C
知识点:面积比中点
难度评级:1770
解答:

OO 为圆心。由 2AC=BC2 \cdot AC = BC 可知 AC=AB3AC = \dfrac{AB}{3},又有 AO=AB2AO = \dfrac{AB}{2},所以 CO=AOAC=AB2AB3=AB6. \begin{aligned} &CO = AO - AC \\ &= \dfrac{AB}{2} - \dfrac{AB}{3} \\ &= \dfrac{AB}{6}. \end{aligned}

三角形 DCODCO 与三角形 DABDAB 共享从 DD 到直线 ABAB 的高,因此 [DCO][DAB]=COAB=16. \dfrac{[DCO]}{[DAB]} = \dfrac{CO}{AB} = \dfrac{1}{6}.

因为 OODEDE 的中点,三角形 DCODCOECOECO 面积相等,所以 [DCE]=2[DCO]=26[DAB]=13[DAB]. \begin{aligned} &[DCE] = 2\,[DCO] \\ &= \dfrac{2}{6}[DAB] = \dfrac{1}{3}[DAB]. \end{aligned}

所以正确答案是 C

Let OO be the center. Since 2AC=BC,2 \cdot AC = BC, we have AC=AB3,AC = \dfrac{AB}{3}, and AO=AB2,AO = \dfrac{AB}{2}, so CO=AOAC=AB2AB3=AB6. \begin{aligned} &CO = AO - AC \\ &= \dfrac{AB}{2} - \dfrac{AB}{3} \\ &= \dfrac{AB}{6}. \end{aligned}

Triangles DCODCO and DABDAB share the same altitude from DD to line AB,AB, so [DCO][DAB]=COAB=16. \dfrac{[DCO]}{[DAB]} = \dfrac{CO}{AB} = \dfrac{1}{6}.

Because OO is the midpoint of DE,DE, triangles DCODCO and ECOECO have equal areas, so [DCE]=2[DCO]=26[DAB]=13[DAB]. \begin{aligned} &[DCE] = 2\,[DCO] \\ &= \dfrac{2}{6}[DAB] = \dfrac{1}{3}[DAB]. \end{aligned}

Thus, the correct answer is C.

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