1996 AMC 12 第 7 题

先试着解答 1996 AMC 12 第 7 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 1996 AMC 12 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

7.

一位父亲在双胞胎生日当天,带着他们和一个更小的孩子外出用餐。餐厅向父亲收取 $4.95\$4.95,每个孩子则按年龄每岁收取 $0.45\$0.45,这里的年龄是指最近一次生日时的年龄。若账单为 $9.45\$9.45,下列哪一个可能是最小孩子的年龄?
A father takes his twins and a younger child out to dinner on the twins’ birthday. The restaurant charges $4.95\$4.95 for the father and $0.45\$0.45 for each year of a child’s age, where age is defined as the age at the most recent birthday. If the bill is $9.45,\$9.45, which of the following could be the age of the youngest child?
11
22
33
44
55
答案:B
知识点:linear Diophantine equationsage problems
小提示:
从账单中减去父亲的费用,再除以每岁的价格
Subtract the father’s charge and divide the remainder by the price per year
大提示:
若双胞胎都是 tt 岁,较小的孩子是 yy 岁,则同时使用 2t+y=102t+y=10 和 y<ty\lt t
If the twins are tt years old and the younger child is yy, impose both 2t+y=102t+y=10 and y<ty\lt t
解答:
孩子们的费用为 9.45−4.95=4.509.45-4.95=4.50 美元,所以他们的年龄总和为 4.500.45=10\frac{4.50}{0.45}=10。若每个双胞胎都是 tt 岁,较小的孩子是 yy 岁,则 2t+y=102t+y=10,且 y<ty\lt t。在各选项中,y=2y=2 给出 t=4t=4,符合要求。因此正确答案是 B。
The children account for 9.45−4.95=4.509.45-4.95=4.50 dollars, so their ages total 4.500.45=10.\frac{4.50}{0.45}=10. If each twin is tt and the younger child is y,y, then 2t+y=102t+y=10 with y<t.y\lt t. Of the choices, y=2y=2 gives t=4,t=4, which works. Thus the correct answer is B.
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