2003 AMC 12B 第 12 题

先试着解答 2003 AMC 12B 第 12 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2003 AMC 12B 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

12.

对所有正偶数 nn,能整除 (n+1)(n+3)(n+5)⋅(n+7)(n+9) \begin{aligned} &(n + 1)(n + 3)(n + 5) \\ &\quad {}\cdot (n + 7)(n + 9) \end{aligned} 的最大整数是多少?
What is the largest integer that is a divisor of (n+1)(n+3)(n+5)⋅(n+7)(n+9) \begin{aligned} &(n + 1)(n + 3)(n + 5) \\ &\quad {}\cdot (n + 7)(n + 9) \end{aligned} for all positive even integers n?n?
33
55
1111
1515
165165
答案:D
知识点:整除性最大公约数
小提示:
当 nn 为偶数时,这些因数是五个连续的奇数
For even n,n, the factors are five consecutive odd numbers
大提示:
任意五个连续奇数中,必有一个是 33 的倍数,也有一个是 55 的倍数
Among any five consecutive odd numbers, one is a multiple of 33 and one is a multiple of 55
解答:
当 nn 为偶数时,这五个因数是连续奇数。任意五个连续奇数中至少有一个能被 33 整除,且有一个能被 55 整除,所以乘积总能被 1515 整除。
没有更大的整数总是可行:当 n=20n = 20 和 n=10n = 10 时,乘积分别为 21⋅23⋅25⋅27⋅2921 \cdot 23 \cdot 25 \cdot 27 \cdot 29 和 11⋅13⋅15⋅17⋅1911 \cdot 13 \cdot 15 \cdot 17 \cdot 19,它们的最大公因数是 1515。
因此,正确答案是 D。
For even n,n, the five factors are consecutive odd numbers. Among any five consecutive odd numbers, at least one is divisible by 33 and exactly one by 5,5, so the product is always divisible by 15.15.
No larger divisor always works: the products for n=10n = 10 and n=20n = 20 are 11⋅13⋅15⋅17⋅1911 \cdot 13 \cdot 15 \cdot 17 \cdot 19 and 21⋅23⋅25⋅27⋅29,21 \cdot 23 \cdot 25 \cdot 27 \cdot 29, whose greatest common divisor is 15.15.
Thus, the correct answer is D.
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