2021 AMC 12A Spring 第 3 题

先试着解答 2021 AMC 12A Spring 第 3 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2021 AMC 12A Spring 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

3.

两个自然数的和为 17,40217{,}402。其中一个数能被 1010 整除。如果擦去这个数的个位数字,就得到另一个数。这两个数的差是多少?
The sum of two natural numbers is 17,402.17{,}402. One of the two numbers is divisible by 10.10. If the units digit of that number is erased, the other number is obtained. What is the difference of these two numbers?
10,27210{,}272
11,70011{,}700
13,36213{,}362
14,23814{,}238
15,42615{,}426
答案:D
知识点:位值一次方程
小提示:
擦去 1010 的倍数末尾的数字 00,相当于把它除以 1010。
Erasing the units digit 00 of a multiple of 1010 divides it by 1010
大提示:
若较小的数为 xx,较大的数就是 10x10x,所以 11x=17,40211x = 17{,}402。
If the smaller number is x,x, the larger is 10x,10x, so 11x=17,40211x = 17{,}402
解答:
较大的数末尾是 00,擦去这个数字会除以 1010 得到较小的数。因此较大的数是较小数的 1010 倍。设较小的数为 xx,则两数之和为 x+10x=11x=17,402x + 10x = 11x = 17{,}402,得 x=1,582x = 1{,}582。
两个数是 1,5821{,}582 和 15,82015{,}820,它们的差为 15,820−1,582=14,23815{,}820 - 1{,}582 = 14{,}238。
因此,正确答案是 D。
The larger number ends in 0,0, and erasing that digit divides it by 1010 to give the smaller number. So the larger number is 1010 times the smaller. Writing the smaller number as x,x, the sum is x+10x=11x=17,402,x + 10x = 11x = 17{,}402, giving x=1,582.x = 1{,}582.
The two numbers are 1,5821{,}582 and 15,820,15{,}820, whose difference is 15,820−1,582=14,238.15{,}820 - 1{,}582 = 14{,}238.
Thus, the correct answer is D.
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