2013 AMC 12A 第 11 题

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11.

三角形 ABCABC 是等边三角形,且 AB=1AB = 1。点 EEGGAC\overline{AC} 上,点 DDFFAB\overline{AB} 上,使得 DE\overline{DE}FG\overline{FG} 都平行于 BC\overline{BC}。此外,三角形 ADEADE 以及梯形 DFGEDFGEFBCGFBCG 的周长都相同。求 DE+FGDE + FG

Triangle ABCABC is equilateral with AB=1.AB = 1. Points EE and GG are on AC\overline{AC} and points DD and FF are on AB\overline{AB} such that both DE\overline{DE} and FG\overline{FG} are parallel to BC.\overline{BC}. Furthermore, triangle ADEADE and trapezoids DFGEDFGE and FBCGFBCG all have the same perimeter. What is DE+FG?DE + FG?

11

32\dfrac{3}{2}

2113\dfrac{21}{13}

138\dfrac{13}{8}

53\dfrac{5}{3}

答案:C
知识点:等边三角形平行线方程组
难度评级:1610
解答:

x=DEx = DEy=FGy = FG。 平行线切出的较小区域是等边三角形或等腰梯形,所以周长为 ADE:3x,DFGE:3yx,FBCG:3y. \begin{gathered} \triangle ADE: 3x, \\ \quad DFGE: 3y - x, \\ \quad FBCG: 3 - y. \end{gathered}

令它们相等,3x=3yx3x = 3y - x4x=3y4x = 3y, 且 3x=3y3x = 3 - y。 解得 x=913x = \tfrac{9}{13}y=1213y = \tfrac{12}{13}, 所以 DE+FG=2113DE + FG = \tfrac{21}{13}

因此,正确答案是 C

Let x=DEx = DE and y=FG.y = FG. The parallel cuts make the small regions equilateral or isosceles trapezoids, so the perimeters are ADE:3x,DFGE:3yx,FBCG:3y. \begin{gathered} \triangle ADE: 3x, \\ \quad DFGE: 3y - x, \\ \quad FBCG: 3 - y. \end{gathered}

Setting them equal, 3x=3yx3x = 3y - x gives 4x=3y,4x = 3y, and 3x=3y.3x = 3 - y. Solving yields x=913x = \tfrac{9}{13} and y=1213,y = \tfrac{12}{13}, so DE+FG=2113.DE + FG = \tfrac{21}{13}.

Thus, the correct answer is C.

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