2022 AMC 12A 第 5 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

5.

在坐标平面中,点 (x1,y1)(x_1,y_1)(x2,y2)(x_2,y_2)出租车距离定义为 x1x2+y1y2|x_1-x_2|+|y_1-y_2| 有多少个整数坐标点 PP,使得 PP 到原点的出租车距离小于或等于 2020

Let the taxicab distance between points (x1,y1)(x_1,y_1) and (x2,y2)(x_2,y_2) in the coordinate plane be given by x1x2+y1y2.|x_1-x_2|+|y_1-y_2|. For how many points PP with integer coordinates is the taxicab distance between PP and the origin less than or equal to 20?20?

441441

761761

841841

921921

924924

答案:C
知识点:格点等差数列
难度评级:1350
解答:

对每个 k1k\ge1, 集合 x+y=k|x|+|y|=k 恰有 4k4k 个格点,而 k=0k=0 时只有原点一个点。

总数为 1+k=1204k=1+420212=1+840=841. \begin{aligned} &1+\sum_{k=1}^{20}4k=1+4\cdot\frac{20\cdot21}{2} \\ &=1+840=841. \end{aligned}

因此,正确答案是 C

For each k1,k\ge1, the set x+y=k|x|+|y|=k contains exactly 4k4k lattice points, and k=0k=0 gives the single origin.

The total is 1+k=1204k=1+420212=1+840=841. \begin{aligned} &1+\sum_{k=1}^{20}4k=1+4\cdot\frac{20\cdot21}{2} \\ &=1+840=841. \end{aligned}

Thus, the correct answer is C.

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