1973 AMC 12 第 28 题

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28.

aabbcc 成等比数列,满足 1<a<b<c1\lt a\lt b\lt c,且 n>1n\gt1 为整数,则 logan\log_a nlogbn\log_b nlogcn\log_c n 组成一个数列,

If a,a, b,b, and cc are in geometric progression (G.P.) with 1<a<b<c1\lt a\lt b\lt c and n>1n\gt1 is an integer, then logan,\log_a n, logbn,\log_b n, logcn\log_c n form a sequence

该数列为等比数列

which is a G.P.

该数列为等差数列

which is an arithmetic progression (A.P.)

该数列各项的倒数组成等差数列

in which the reciprocals of the terms form an A.P.

该数列的第二项与第三项分别是第一项与第二项的 nn 次幂

in which the second and third terms are the nnth powers of the first and second respectively

以上都不是

none of these

答案:C
知识点:对数等比数列等差数列
难度评级:2060
小提示:

取倒数,并利用 1logan=logna\dfrac1{\log_a n}=\log_n a

Take reciprocals and use 1logan=logna\dfrac1{\log_a n}=\log_n a

大提示:

对等比数列关系 b2=acb^2=ac 取对数

Apply logarithms to the geometric-progression relation b2=acb^2=ac

解答:

由换底公式, 1logan=logna,1logbn=lognb,1logcn=lognc \begin{aligned} \frac1{\log_a n}&=\log_n a,\\ \frac1{\log_b n}&=\log_n b,\\ \frac1{\log_c n}&=\log_n c \end{aligned}\text{。}因为 aabbcc 成等比数列,所以 b2=acb^2=ac。两边取以 nn 为底的对数,得到 2lognb=logna+lognc 2\log_n b=\log_n a+\log_n c\text{。}因此所给三项的倒数组成等差数列。

所以正确答案是 C

By change of base, 1logan=logna,1logbn=lognb,1logcn=lognc. \begin{aligned} \frac1{\log_a n}&=\log_n a,\\ \frac1{\log_b n}&=\log_n b,\\ \frac1{\log_c n}&=\log_n c. \end{aligned} Since a,a, b,b, cc are in geometric progression, b2=ac.b^2=ac. Taking logarithms to base nn gives 2lognb=logna+lognc. 2\log_n b=\log_n a+\log_n c. Hence the reciprocals of the three given terms form an arithmetic progression.

Therefore, the correct answer is C.

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