1987 AMC 12 第 28 题

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28.

aabbccdd 为实数。假设方程 z4+az3+bz2+cz+d=0 z^4+az^3+bz^2+cz+d=0 的所有根都是复数,并且都位于复平面上以 0+0i0+0i 为圆心、半径为 11 的圆上。所有根的倒数之和必定为

Let a,a, b,b, c,c, dd be real numbers. Suppose that all the roots of z4+az3+bz2+cz+d=0 z^4+az^3+bz^2+cz+d=0 are complex numbers lying on a circle in the complex plane centered at 0+0i0+0i and having radius 1.1. The sum of the reciprocals of the roots is necessarily

aa

bb

cc

a-a

b-b

答案:D
知识点:complex conjugatesunit circleVieta’s formulas
难度评级:2340
小提示:

对于单位圆上的复数 rr,比较 1r\frac{1}{r}r\overline r

For a complex number rr on the unit circle, compare 1r\frac{1}{r} with r\overline r

大提示:

多项式的系数都是实数,因此所有根的和是实数

Real polynomial coefficients make the sum of the roots real

解答:

r=1|r|=1,则 1r=r\frac{1}{r}=\overline r。所以所有根的倒数之和,就是所有根之和的共轭。根据韦达定理,所有根之和为 a-a,这是实数,其共轭仍为 a-a

因此,正确答案是 D

If r=1,|r|=1, then 1r=r.\frac{1}{r}=\overline r. Therefore the sum of the reciprocals is the conjugate of the sum of the roots. By Vieta’s formulas, the sum of the roots is a,-a, which is real. Its conjugate is still a.-a.

Thus the correct answer is D.

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