1999 AMC 12 第 28 题

先试着解答 1999 AMC 12 第 28 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 1999 AMC 12 解答,或核对答案

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

28.

x1x_1x2x_2\ldotsxnx_n 是一个整数序列,满足:

(i) 1xi2-1 \le x_i \le 2,其中 i=1i = 12233\ldotsnn

(ii) x1+x2++xn=19x_1 + x_2 + \cdots + x_n = 19

(iii) x12+x22++xn2=99x_1^2 + x_2^2 + \cdots + x_n^2 = 99

mmMM 分别为 x13+x23++xn3x_1^3 + x_2^3 + \cdots + x_n^3 的最小和最大可能值。求 Mm\dfrac{M}{m}

Let x1,x_1, x2,x_2, ,\ldots, xnx_n be a sequence of integers such that

(i) 1xi2,-1 \le x_i \le 2, for i=1,i = 1, 2,2, 3,3, ,\ldots, nn;

(ii) x1+x2++xn=19;x_1 + x_2 + \cdots + x_n = 19; and

(iii) x12+x22++xn2=99.x_1^2 + x_2^2 + \cdots + x_n^2 = 99.

Let mm and MM be the minimal and maximal possible values of x13+x23++xn3,x_1^3 + x_2^3 + \cdots + x_n^3, respectively. What is Mm?\dfrac{M}{m}?

33

44

55

66

77

答案:E
知识点:方程组最优化
难度评级:2240
小提示:

a,b,ca, b, c 分别表示 1-11122 的个数,零不影响总和。

Let a,b,ca, b, c count the 1-1s, 11s, and 22s (zeros do not matter)

大提示:

立方和为 a+b+8c=19+6c-a + b + 8c = 19 + 6c;对允许的 cc 范围取极值。

The sum of cubes is a+b+8c=19+6c;-a + b + 8c = 19 + 6c; optimize over the allowed range of cc

解答:

a,b,ca, b, c 分别为 1-11122 的个数。则 a+b+2c=19-a + b + 2c = 19,且 a+b+4c=99a + b + 4c = 99,解得 a=40ca = 40 - cb=593cb = 59 - 3c,并且 0c190 \le c \le 19

立方和为 a+b+8c=19+6c-a + b + 8c = 19 + 6c。最小值在 c=0c = 0 时为 1919,最大值在 c=19c = 19 时为 133133。因此 Mm=13319=7\dfrac{M}{m} = \dfrac{133}{19} = 7

所以正确答案是 E

Let a,b,ca, b, c be the numbers of 1-1s, 11s, and 22s. Then a+b+2c=19-a + b + 2c = 19 and a+b+4c=99,a + b + 4c = 99, giving a=40ca = 40 - c and b=593cb = 59 - 3c with 0c19.0 \le c \le 19.

The sum of cubes is a+b+8c=19+6c.-a + b + 8c = 19 + 6c. The minimum is at c=0c = 0 (value 1919) and the maximum at c=19c = 19 (value 133133), so Mm=13319=7.\dfrac{M}{m} = \dfrac{133}{19} = 7.

Thus, the correct answer is E.

第 27 题#27
完整试卷

其他年份的第 28 题

1950 AMC 12 · 1951 AMC 12 · 1952 AMC 12 · 1953 AMC 12 · 1954 AMC 12 · 1955 AMC 12 · 1956 AMC 12 · 1957 AMC 12 · 1958 AMC 12 · 1959 AMC 12 · 1960 AMC 12 · 1961 AMC 12 · 1962 AMC 12 · 1963 AMC 12 · 1964 AMC 12 · 1965 AMC 12 · 1966 AMC 12 · 1967 AMC 12 · 1968 AMC 12 · 1969 AMC 12 · 1970 AMC 12 · 1971 AMC 12 · 1972 AMC 12 · 1973 AMC 12 · 1974 AMC 12 · 1975 AMC 12 · 1976 AMC 12 · 1977 AMC 12 · 1978 AMC 12 · 1979 AMC 12 · 1980 AMC 12 · 1981 AMC 12 · 1982 AMC 12 · 1983 AMC 12 · 1984 AMC 12 · 1985 AMC 12 · 1986 AMC 12 · 1987 AMC 12 · 1988 AMC 12 · 1989 AMC 12 · 1990 AMC 12 · 1991 AMC 12 · 1992 AMC 12 · 1993 AMC 12 · 1994 AMC 12 · 1995 AMC 12 · 1996 AMC 12 · 1997 AMC 12 · 1998 AMC 12